{smcl}
{com}{sf}{ul off}{txt}{.-}
      name:  {res}<unnamed>
       {txt}log:  {res}C:\Users\agfowler\Dropbox\Insincere Voting Congress\Fowler Lewis Replication Data\protestvotinglog.smcl
  {txt}log type:  {res}smcl
 {txt}opened on:  {res} 2 Dec 2025, 11:58:17
{txt}
{com}. 
. ***cleaning data***
. clear
{txt}
{com}. import delimited "Hall_members.csv"
{res}{txt}(encoding automatically selected: ISO-8859-1)
{res}{text}(22 vars, 40,148 obs)

{com}. drop if chamber == "President"
{txt}(127 observations deleted)

{com}. keep if cong >= 51 & cong <= 117
{txt}(10,892 observations deleted)

{com}. rename state_abbrev state
{res}{txt}
{com}. rename congress cong
{res}{txt}
{com}. rename district_code dist
{res}{txt}
{com}. keep icpsr cong state dist
{txt}
{com}. save "icpsr_dist.dta", replace
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
icpsr_dist.dta{rm}
saved
{p_end}

{com}. 
. clear
{txt}
{com}. import delimited "dime_recipients_1979_2024.csv", bindquote(strict)
{res}{txt}(encoding automatically selected: ISO-8859-1)
{res}{text}(64 vars, 479,502 obs)

{com}. keep if seat == "federal:house"
{txt}(442,523 observations deleted)

{com}. g wongeneral = gwinner == "W"
{txt}
{com}. egen everwon = max(wongeneral), by(icpsr)
{txt}
{com}. drop if everwon == 0
{txt}(27,373 observations deleted)

{com}. rename recipientcfscore cfscore
{res}{txt}
{com}. order icpsr cycle cfscore
{txt}
{com}. sort icpsr cycle
{txt}
{com}. egen id = group(icpsr)
{txt}
{com}. egen meancf = mean(cfscore), by(icpsr2)
{txt}
{com}. g match = meancf == cfscore
{txt}
{com}. tab match

      {txt}match {c |}      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
{hline 12}{c +}{hline 35}
          0 {c |}{res}         19        0.20        0.20
{txt}          1 {c |}{res}      9,587       99.80      100.00
{txt}{hline 12}{c +}{hline 35}
      Total {c |}{res}      9,606      100.00
{txt}
{com}. drop cfscore
{txt}
{com}. rename meancf cfscore
{res}{txt}
{com}. drop icpsr
{txt}
{com}. rename icpsr2 icpsr
{res}{txt}
{com}. order icpsr cfscore
{txt}
{com}. sort icpsr
{txt}
{com}. drop if icpsr == icpsr[_n-1]
{txt}(7,696 observations deleted)

{com}. drop if strpos(icpsr, "H") > 0
{txt}(70 observations deleted)

{com}. drop if strpos(icpsr, "S") > 0
{txt}(2 observations deleted)

{com}. drop if strpos(icpsr, "T") > 0
{txt}(1 observation deleted)

{com}. drop if strpos(icpsr, "C") > 0
{txt}(1 observation deleted)

{com}. drop if strpos(icpsr, "nyc") > 0
{txt}(1 observation deleted)

{com}. keep icpsr cfscore
{txt}
{com}. destring icpsr, replace
{txt}icpsr: all characters numeric; {res}replaced {txt}as {res}long
{txt}
{com}. save "cfscores.dta", replace
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
cfscores.dta{rm}
saved
{p_end}

{com}. 
. clear
{txt}
{com}. postutil clear
{txt}
{com}. import delimited "idealpoint_estimates_51-117.csv"
{res}{txt}(encoding automatically selected: ISO-8859-1)
{res}{text}(10 vars, 28,174 obs)

{com}. split member, p("(")
{res}variables created as string: 
{txt}{col 1}member1{col 10}member2

{com}. split member2, p(-)
{res}variables created as string: 
{txt}{col 1}member21{col 11}member22

{com}. rename member21 party
{res}{txt}
{com}. drop member1 member2 member22
{txt}
{com}. g dem = party == "D"
{txt}
{com}. g rep = party == "R"
{txt}
{com}. *rescale scores so that Republicans are higher than Democrats, on average
. *and rescale so that mean is 0 and stdev is 1 within every Congress
. foreach i in expressive_ideal_idp ideal_idp expressive_wnominate_idp wnominate_idp {c -(}
{txt}  2{com}. egen meani = mean(`i'), by(cong)
{txt}  3{com}. egen sdi = sd(`i'), by(cong)
{txt}  4{com}. replace `i' = (`i' - meani)/sdi
{txt}  5{com}. drop meani sdi
{txt}  6{com}. g `i'dem = `i' if dem == 1
{txt}  7{com}. g `i'rep = `i' if rep == 1
{txt}  8{com}. egen meandem = mean(`i'dem), by(cong) 
{txt}  9{com}. egen meanrep = mean(`i'rep), by(cong)
{txt} 10{com}. replace `i' = `i'*-1 if meandem > meanrep
{txt} 11{com}. drop meandem meanrep `i'dem `i'rep
{txt} 12{com}. {c )-}
{txt}(28,174 real changes made)
(13,160 missing values generated)
(15,195 missing values generated)
(27,731 real changes made)
(28,174 real changes made)
(13,160 missing values generated)
(15,195 missing values generated)
(27,731 real changes made)
(28,174 real changes made)
(13,160 missing values generated)
(15,195 missing values generated)
(16,921 real changes made)
(28,174 real changes made)
(13,160 missing values generated)
(15,195 missing values generated)
(16,921 real changes made)

{com}. *code majority party
. egen prdem = mean(dem), by(cong)
{txt}
{com}. egen prrep = mean(rep), by(cong)
{txt}
{com}. tab cong if prrep > prdem

       {txt}cong {c |}      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
{hline 12}{c +}{hline 35}
         51 {c |}{res}        339        3.13        3.13
{txt}         54 {c |}{res}        337        3.11        6.23
{txt}         55 {c |}{res}        349        3.22        9.45
{txt}         56 {c |}{res}        340        3.13       12.58
{txt}         57 {c |}{res}        330        3.04       15.63
{txt}         58 {c |}{res}        273        2.52       18.14
{txt}         59 {c |}{res}        341        3.14       21.29
{txt}         60 {c |}{res}        374        3.45       24.73
{txt}         61 {c |}{res}        382        3.52       28.26
{txt}         66 {c |}{res}        443        4.08       32.34
{txt}         67 {c |}{res}        440        4.06       36.40
{txt}         68 {c |}{res}        427        3.94       40.33
{txt}         69 {c |}{res}        417        3.84       44.18
{txt}         70 {c |}{res}        353        3.25       47.43
{txt}         71 {c |}{res}        415        3.83       51.26
{txt}         80 {c |}{res}        437        4.03       55.29
{txt}         83 {c |}{res}        435        4.01       59.30
{txt}        104 {c |}{res}        446        4.11       63.41
{txt}        105 {c |}{res}        443        4.08       67.49
{txt}        106 {c |}{res}        440        4.06       71.55
{txt}        107 {c |}{res}        442        4.07       75.62
{txt}        108 {c |}{res}        441        4.07       79.69
{txt}        109 {c |}{res}        439        4.05       83.74
{txt}        112 {c |}{res}        443        4.08       87.82
{txt}        113 {c |}{res}        440        4.06       91.88
{txt}        114 {c |}{res}        437        4.03       95.91
{txt}        115 {c |}{res}        444        4.09      100.00
{txt}{hline 12}{c +}{hline 35}
      Total {c |}{res}     10,847      100.00
{txt}
{com}. /*
> this gives us the correct majority party in all the Congresses we're studying
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives
> */
. g majority = 0
{txt}
{com}. replace majority = 1 if prdem > prrep & dem == 1
{txt}(10,315 real changes made)

{com}. replace majority = 1 if prrep > prdem & rep == 1
{txt}(6,070 real changes made)

{com}. drop prdem prrep
{txt}
{com}. *merge in CF scores
. merge m:1 icpsr using "cfscores.dta"
{res}
{txt}{col 5}Result{col 33}Number of obs
{col 5}{hline 41}
{col 5}Not matched{col 30}{res}          17,591
{txt}{col 9}from master{col 30}{res}          17,516{txt}  (_merge==1)
{col 9}from using{col 30}{res}              75{txt}  (_merge==2)

{col 5}Matched{col 30}{res}          10,658{txt}  (_merge==3)
{col 5}{hline 41}

{com}. tab cong _merge

           {txt}{c |} Matching result from
           {c |}         merge
      cong {c |} Master on  Matched ( {c |}     Total
{hline 11}{c +}{hline 22}{c +}{hline 10}
        51 {c |}{res}       339          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       339 
{txt}        52 {c |}{res}       330          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       330 
{txt}        53 {c |}{res}       360          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       360 
{txt}        54 {c |}{res}       337          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       337 
{txt}        55 {c |}{res}       349          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       349 
{txt}        56 {c |}{res}       340          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       340 
{txt}        57 {c |}{res}       330          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       330 
{txt}        58 {c |}{res}       273          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       273 
{txt}        59 {c |}{res}       341          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       341 
{txt}        60 {c |}{res}       374          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       374 
{txt}        61 {c |}{res}       382          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       382 
{txt}        62 {c |}{res}       390          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       390 
{txt}        63 {c |}{res}       431          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       431 
{txt}        64 {c |}{res}       434          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       434 
{txt}        65 {c |}{res}       435          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}        66 {c |}{res}       443          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}        67 {c |}{res}       440          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}        68 {c |}{res}       427          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       427 
{txt}        69 {c |}{res}       417          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       417 
{txt}        70 {c |}{res}       353          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       353 
{txt}        71 {c |}{res}       415          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       415 
{txt}        72 {c |}{res}       425          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       425 
{txt}        73 {c |}{res}       437          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}        74 {c |}{res}       434          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       434 
{txt}        75 {c |}{res}       434          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       434 
{txt}        76 {c |}{res}       444          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       444 
{txt}        77 {c |}{res}       429          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       429 
{txt}        78 {c |}{res}       432          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       432 
{txt}        79 {c |}{res}       439          1 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}        80 {c |}{res}       436          1 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}        81 {c |}{res}       430          7 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}        82 {c |}{res}       432          7 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}        83 {c |}{res}       420         15 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}        84 {c |}{res}       420         17 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}        85 {c |}{res}       425         18 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}        86 {c |}{res}       414         25 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}        87 {c |}{res}       414         31 {txt}{c |}{res}       445 
{txt}        88 {c |}{res}       391         49 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}        89 {c |}{res}       372         70 {txt}{c |}{res}       442 
{txt}        90 {c |}{res}       351         87 {txt}{c |}{res}       438 
{txt}        91 {c |}{res}       335        106 {txt}{c |}{res}       441 
{txt}        92 {c |}{res}       319        121 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}        93 {c |}{res}       280        163 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}        94 {c |}{res}       215        224 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}        95 {c |}{res}       161        277 {txt}{c |}{res}       438 
{txt}        96 {c |}{res}        92        347 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}        97 {c |}{res}        19        419 {txt}{c |}{res}       438 
{txt}        98 {c |}{res}        10        427 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}        99 {c |}{res}        10        428 {txt}{c |}{res}       438 
{txt}       100 {c |}{res}        10        430 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}       101 {c |}{res}        11        430 {txt}{c |}{res}       441 
{txt}       102 {c |}{res}        13        424 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}       103 {c |}{res}        11        432 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}       104 {c |}{res}        11        435 {txt}{c |}{res}       446 
{txt}       105 {c |}{res}        11        432 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}       106 {c |}{res}        12        428 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}       107 {c |}{res}        10        432 {txt}{c |}{res}       442 
{txt}       108 {c |}{res}         9        432 {txt}{c |}{res}       441 
{txt}       109 {c |}{res}         7        432 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}       110 {c |}{res}         8        444 {txt}{c |}{res}       452 
{txt}       111 {c |}{res}        11        440 {txt}{c |}{res}       451 
{txt}       112 {c |}{res}         7        436 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}       113 {c |}{res}         5        435 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}       114 {c |}{res}         6        431 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}       115 {c |}{res}         5        439 {txt}{c |}{res}       444 
{txt}       116 {c |}{res}         4        443 {txt}{c |}{res}       447 
{txt}       117 {c |}{res}         5        443 {txt}{c |}{res}       448 
{txt}{hline 11}{c +}{hline 22}{c +}{hline 10}
     Total {c |}{res}    17,516     10,658 {txt}{c |}{res}    28,174 
{txt}
{com}. drop if _merge == 2
{txt}(75 observations deleted)

{com}. drop _merge
{txt}
{com}. *merge in data from Duck-Mayr and Montgomery
. merge 1:1 icpsr cong using "mc3ggum.dta"
{res}
{txt}{col 5}Result{col 33}Number of obs
{col 5}{hline 41}
{col 5}Not matched{col 30}{res}          23,769
{txt}{col 9}from master{col 30}{res}          23,769{txt}  (_merge==1)
{col 9}from using{col 30}{res}               0{txt}  (_merge==2)

{col 5}Matched{col 30}{res}           4,405{txt}  (_merge==3)
{col 5}{hline 41}

{com}. tab cong _merge

           {txt}{c |} Matching result from
           {c |}         merge
      cong {c |} Master on  Matched ( {c |}     Total
{hline 11}{c +}{hline 22}{c +}{hline 10}
        51 {c |}{res}       339          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       339 
{txt}        52 {c |}{res}       330          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       330 
{txt}        53 {c |}{res}       360          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       360 
{txt}        54 {c |}{res}       337          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       337 
{txt}        55 {c |}{res}       349          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       349 
{txt}        56 {c |}{res}       340          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       340 
{txt}        57 {c |}{res}       330          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       330 
{txt}        58 {c |}{res}       273          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       273 
{txt}        59 {c |}{res}       341          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       341 
{txt}        60 {c |}{res}       374          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       374 
{txt}        61 {c |}{res}       382          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       382 
{txt}        62 {c |}{res}       390          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       390 
{txt}        63 {c |}{res}       431          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       431 
{txt}        64 {c |}{res}       434          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       434 
{txt}        65 {c |}{res}       435          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}        66 {c |}{res}       443          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}        67 {c |}{res}       440          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}        68 {c |}{res}       427          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       427 
{txt}        69 {c |}{res}       417          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       417 
{txt}        70 {c |}{res}       353          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       353 
{txt}        71 {c |}{res}       415          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       415 
{txt}        72 {c |}{res}       425          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       425 
{txt}        73 {c |}{res}       437          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}        74 {c |}{res}       434          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       434 
{txt}        75 {c |}{res}       434          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       434 
{txt}        76 {c |}{res}       444          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       444 
{txt}        77 {c |}{res}       429          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       429 
{txt}        78 {c |}{res}       432          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       432 
{txt}        79 {c |}{res}       440          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}        80 {c |}{res}       437          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}        81 {c |}{res}       437          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}        82 {c |}{res}       439          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}        83 {c |}{res}       435          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}        84 {c |}{res}       437          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}        85 {c |}{res}       443          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}        86 {c |}{res}       439          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}        87 {c |}{res}       445          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       445 
{txt}        88 {c |}{res}       440          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}        89 {c |}{res}       442          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       442 
{txt}        90 {c |}{res}       438          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       438 
{txt}        91 {c |}{res}       441          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       441 
{txt}        92 {c |}{res}       440          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}        93 {c |}{res}       443          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}        94 {c |}{res}       439          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}        95 {c |}{res}       438          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       438 
{txt}        96 {c |}{res}       439          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}        97 {c |}{res}       438          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       438 
{txt}        98 {c |}{res}       437          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}        99 {c |}{res}       438          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       438 
{txt}       100 {c |}{res}       440          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}       101 {c |}{res}       441          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       441 
{txt}       102 {c |}{res}       437          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}       103 {c |}{res}       443          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}       104 {c |}{res}       446          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       446 
{txt}       105 {c |}{res}       443          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}       106 {c |}{res}       440          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}       107 {c |}{res}         2        440 {txt}{c |}{res}       442 
{txt}       108 {c |}{res}         2        439 {txt}{c |}{res}       441 
{txt}       109 {c |}{res}         2        437 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}       110 {c |}{res}         4        448 {txt}{c |}{res}       452 
{txt}       111 {c |}{res}         4        447 {txt}{c |}{res}       451 
{txt}       112 {c |}{res}         6        437 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}       113 {c |}{res}         1        439 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}       114 {c |}{res}         2        435 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}       115 {c |}{res}         6        438 {txt}{c |}{res}       444 
{txt}       116 {c |}{res}         2        445 {txt}{c |}{res}       447 
{txt}       117 {c |}{res}       448          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       448 
{txt}{hline 11}{c +}{hline 22}{c +}{hline 10}
     Total {c |}{res}    23,769      4,405 {txt}{c |}{res}    28,174 
{txt}
{com}. drop if _merge == 2
{txt}(0 observations deleted)

{com}. drop _merge
{txt}
{com}. 
. *merge in districts
. merge 1:1 cong icpsr using "icpsr_dist.dta"
{res}
{txt}{col 5}Result{col 33}Number of obs
{col 5}{hline 41}
{col 5}Not matched{col 30}{res}           1,033
{txt}{col 9}from master{col 30}{res}              39{txt}  (_merge==1)
{col 9}from using{col 30}{res}             994{txt}  (_merge==2)

{col 5}Matched{col 30}{res}          28,135{txt}  (_merge==3)
{col 5}{hline 41}

{com}. drop if _merge == 2
{txt}(994 observations deleted)

{com}. drop _merge
{txt}
{com}. g eyear = 1788 + 2*cong
{txt}
{com}. save "cleaneddata.dta", replace
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
cleaneddata.dta{rm}
saved
{p_end}

{com}. 
. 
. ***Figure 1***
. clear
{txt}
{com}. use "cleaneddata.dta"
{txt}
{com}. keep if cong == 117
{txt}(27,726 observations deleted)

{com}. g squad = 0
{txt}
{com}. replace squad = 1 if member == "Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY)"
{txt}(1 real change made)

{com}. replace squad = 1 if member == "Omar (D-MN)"
{txt}(1 real change made)

{com}. replace squad = 1 if member == "Pressley (D-MA)"
{txt}(1 real change made)

{com}. replace squad = 1 if member == "Tlaib (D-MI)"
{txt}(1 real change made)

{com}. replace squad = 1 if member == "Bowman (D-NY)"
{txt}(1 real change made)

{com}. replace squad = 1 if member == "Bush (D-MO)"
{txt}(1 real change made)

{com}. rename expressive_ideal_idp idealexp
{res}{txt}
{com}. rename ideal_idp ideal
{res}{txt}
{com}. g exp_squad = idealexp if squad == 1
{txt}(442 missing values generated)

{com}. g exp_dem = idealexp if party == "D" & squad == 0
{txt}(226 missing values generated)

{com}. g exp_rep = idealexp if party == "R"
{txt}(228 missing values generated)

{com}. graph twoway (lfit ideal ideal) (scatter exp_rep exp_dem exp_squad ideal)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .legend.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Standard Ideological Score
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.reset_rule -1.5 1.5 1 , tickset(major) ruletype(range) 
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.reset_rule -1.5 1.5 1 , tickset(major) ruletype(range)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Adjusted Ideological Score
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_ysize(4) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_xsize(5.5) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle margin(vsmall) boxstyle(shadestyle(color(white)) linestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot1.style.editstyle line(color(gs8) pattern(dash)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot2.style.editstyle marker(size(medsmall) fillcolor(red) linestyle(color(red))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot3.style.editstyle marker(size(medsmall) fillcolor(blue) linestyle(color(blue))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot4.style.editstyle marker(size(medsmall) fillcolor(green) linestyle(color(green))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor .799426399310031 .8899942324586996
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text.Arrpush Republicans
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle color(red) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor -.834086153394805 -1.506961219740568
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text.Arrpush Democrats
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle color(blue) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].DragBy -.0300120416507453 .1551143332925046
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor -1.55 -1.1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 3
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 3
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].text.Arrpush Squad
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].style.editstyle color(green) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].DragBy -.0042874345215341 -.0234134842705661
{res}{txt}
{com}. graph export "Squad.png", replace as(png)
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
(file {bf}
Squad.png{rm}
not found)
{p_end}
{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
Squad.png{rm}
saved as
PNG
format
{p_end}

{com}. 
. ***Figure 2***
. clear
{txt}
{com}. postutil clear
{txt}
{com}. import delimited "data_for_118th_scatter.csv"
{res}{txt}(encoding automatically selected: UTF-8)
{res}{text}(5 vars, 451 obs)

{com}. g dem = type == "Democrats"
{txt}
{com}. g defector = type == "McCarthy defectors"
{txt}
{com}. sum expressive

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
expressive~t {c |}{res}        451   -.0066211    1.794196  -2.797384   3.979305
{txt}
{com}. replace expressive = (expressive - r(mean))/r(sd)
{txt}(451 real changes made)

{com}. sum ideal

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
{space 2}ideal_idpt {c |}{res}        451   -.0133067    1.817253  -3.902724   2.634209
{txt}
{com}. replace ideal = (ideal - r(mean))/r(sd)
{txt}(451 real changes made)

{com}. g exp_defector = expressive if defector == 1
{txt}(431 missing values generated)

{com}. g exp_dem = expressive if dem == 1
{txt}(230 missing values generated)

{com}. g exp_rep = expressive if dem == 0 & defector == 0
{txt}(241 missing values generated)

{com}. graph twoway (lfit ideal ideal) (scatter exp_rep exp_dem exp_defector ideal)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .legend.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Standard Ideological Score
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.reset_rule -2 1 1 , tickset(major) ruletype(range) 
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.reset_rule -2 2 1 , tickset(major) ruletype(range)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Adjusted Ideological Score
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_ysize(4) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_xsize(5.5) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle margin(vsmall) boxstyle(shadestyle(color(white)) linestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot1.style.editstyle line(color(gs8) pattern(dash)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot2.style.editstyle marker(size(medsmall) fillcolor(red) linestyle(color(red))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot3.style.editstyle marker(size(medsmall) fillcolor(blue) linestyle(color(blue))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot4.style.editstyle marker(size(medsmall) fillcolor(green) linestyle(color(green))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor .9 .4 
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text.Arrpush Republicans
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle color(red) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor -.8 -1.4
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text.Arrpush Democrats
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle color(blue) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor 1.9 .45
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 3
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 3
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].text.Arrpush McCarthy Defectors
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].style.editstyle color(green) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. graph export "McCarthy.png", replace as(png)
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
(file {bf}
McCarthy.png{rm}
not found)
{p_end}
{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
McCarthy.png{rm}
saved as
PNG
format
{p_end}

{com}. 
. 
. ***Figure 3***
. clear
{txt}
{com}. postutil clear
{txt}
{com}. use "cleaneddata.dta"
{txt}
{com}. keep if cong >= 97
{txt}(18,887 observations deleted)

{com}. postfile CF cong expressive nonexpressive pprob using "CF.dta", replace
{txt}
{com}. forvalues i = 97/117 {c -(}
{txt}  2{com}. corr expressive_ideal_idp cfscore if majority == 1 & cong == `i'
{txt}  3{com}. scalar expressive = r(rho)
{txt}  4{com}. corr ideal_idp cfscore if majority == 1 & cong == `i'
{txt}  5{com}. scalar nonexpressive = r(rho)
{txt}  6{com}. sum express_ideal_pprob if majority == 1 & cong == `i'
{txt}  7{com}. post CF (`i') (expressive) (nonexpressive) (r(mean))
{txt}  8{com}. {c )-}
{txt}(obs=234)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.7195   1.0000

{txt}(obs=234)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.7231   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        243    .0232923    .0602722          0   .4113811
{txt}(obs=260)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6629   1.0000

{txt}(obs=260)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6557   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        269    .0186265    .0490329          0   .3910581
{txt}(obs=246)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6380   1.0000

{txt}(obs=246)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6098   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        255    .0197413    .0582454          0    .429229
{txt}(obs=252)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6292   1.0000

{txt}(obs=252)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6030   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        260    .0141836    .0442612          0   .3641183
{txt}(obs=255)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6395   1.0000

{txt}(obs=255)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6111   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        262    .0125105    .0419118          0   .4175267
{txt}(obs=260)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6275   1.0000

{txt}(obs=260)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6082   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        268    .0129192    .0371187          0   .4290208
{txt}(obs=256)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5535   1.0000

{txt}(obs=256)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5437   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        264    .0136275     .044063          0   .4579242
{txt}(obs=229)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6004   1.0000

{txt}(obs=229)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5728   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        236    .0069396    .0125273          0    .082094
{txt}(obs=223)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6383   1.0000

{txt}(obs=223)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6081   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        231    .0114184    .0254839          0   .2428517
{txt}(obs=217)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6734   1.0000

{txt}(obs=217)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6333   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        224    .0176515    .0384157          0   .2464232
{txt}(obs=220)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6171   1.0000

{txt}(obs=220)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5604   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        228    .0169211    .0450611          0   .2332249
{txt}(obs=225)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6170   1.0000

{txt}(obs=225)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6001   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        232    .0054012    .0196283          0   .2580393
{txt}(obs=230)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6015   1.0000

{txt}(obs=230)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5812   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        236    .0071867    .0245517          0   .3091156
{txt}(obs=243)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.3866   1.0000

{txt}(obs=243)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.3663   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        245      .00285    .0081137          0   .0950048
{txt}(obs=264)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.2943   1.0000

{txt}(obs=264)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.2850   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        268    .0049686    .0119945          0   .0907959
{txt}(obs=239)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6075   1.0000

{txt}(obs=239)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6011   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        243    .0067813    .0209172          0   .1874989
{txt}(obs=233)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6721   1.0000

{txt}(obs=233)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6411   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        237    .0049629    .0175041          0   .1816671
{txt}(obs=244)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6608   1.0000

{txt}(obs=244)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6391   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        248     .004015    .0190244          0   .2018042
{txt}(obs=241)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6504   1.0000

{txt}(obs=241)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5880   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        245    .0066114    .0313524          0   .3154646
{txt}(obs=238)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.0909   1.0000

{txt}(obs=238)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.0160   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        240    .0018718    .0058503          0   .0463124
{txt}(obs=227)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.1723   1.0000

{txt}(obs=227)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.0759   1.0000


{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
express_id~b {c |}{res}        228    .0016014    .0058032          0   .0490745
{txt}
{com}. postclose CF
{txt}
{com}. clear
{txt}
{com}. use "CF.dta"
{txt}
{com}. g greater = expressive > nonexpressive
{txt}
{com}. graph twoway line expressive nonexpressive cong
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .legend.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.reset_rule 97 117 5, tickset(major) ruletype(range) 
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Correlation between RC and CF Scores
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_ysize(4) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_xsize(5.5) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle margin(vsmall) boxstyle(shadestyle(color(white)) linestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot1.style.editstyle line(color(black) width(thick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot2.style.editstyle line(color(gs8) width(thick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor .58 99
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle color(gs8) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text.Arrpush Standard
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor .67 100.5
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text.Arrpush Adjusted
{res}{txt}
{com}. graph export "CFscores.png", replace as(png)
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
(file {bf}
CFscores.png{rm}
not found)
{p_end}
{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
CFscores.png{rm}
saved as
PNG
format
{p_end}

{com}. 
. ***Comparisons with GGUM, discussed in main text*** 
. clear
{txt}
{com}. postutil clear
{txt}
{com}. use "cleaneddata.dta"
{txt}
{com}. keep if cong >= 107 & cong <= 116
{txt}(23,738 observations deleted)

{com}. postfile CF cong expressive nonexpressive ggum using "CF.dta", replace
{txt}
{com}. forvalues i = 107/116 {c -(}
{txt}  2{com}. corr expressive_ideal_idp cfscore if majority == 1 & cong == `i'
{txt}  3{com}. scalar expressive = r(rho)
{txt}  4{com}. corr ideal_idp cfscore if majority == 1 & cong == `i'
{txt}  5{com}. scalar nonexpressive = r(rho)
{txt}  6{com}. corr mc3ggum cfscore if majority == 1 & cong == `i'
{txt}  7{com}. scalar ggum = r(rho)
{txt}  8{com}. post CF (`i') (expressive) (nonexpressive) (ggum)
{txt}  9{com}. {c )-}
{txt}(obs=220)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6171   1.0000

{txt}(obs=220)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5604   1.0000

{txt}(obs=220)

             {c |}  mc3ggum  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
     mc3ggum {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5421   1.0000

{txt}(obs=225)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6170   1.0000

{txt}(obs=225)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6001   1.0000

{txt}(obs=224)

             {c |}  mc3ggum  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
     mc3ggum {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6311   1.0000

{txt}(obs=230)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6015   1.0000

{txt}(obs=230)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5812   1.0000

{txt}(obs=229)

             {c |}  mc3ggum  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
     mc3ggum {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6322   1.0000

{txt}(obs=243)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.3866   1.0000

{txt}(obs=243)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.3663   1.0000

{txt}(obs=241)

             {c |}  mc3ggum  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
     mc3ggum {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.3684   1.0000

{txt}(obs=264)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.2943   1.0000

{txt}(obs=264)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.2850   1.0000

{txt}(obs=263)

             {c |}  mc3ggum  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
     mc3ggum {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.2887   1.0000

{txt}(obs=239)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6075   1.0000

{txt}(obs=239)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6011   1.0000

{txt}(obs=238)

             {c |}  mc3ggum  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
     mc3ggum {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5961   1.0000

{txt}(obs=233)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6721   1.0000

{txt}(obs=233)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6411   1.0000

{txt}(obs=233)

             {c |}  mc3ggum  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
     mc3ggum {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6535   1.0000

{txt}(obs=244)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6608   1.0000

{txt}(obs=244)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6391   1.0000

{txt}(obs=243)

             {c |}  mc3ggum  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
     mc3ggum {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6338   1.0000

{txt}(obs=241)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6504   1.0000

{txt}(obs=241)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5880   1.0000

{txt}(obs=239)

             {c |}  mc3ggum  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
     mc3ggum {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6061   1.0000

{txt}(obs=238)

             {c |} ex~l_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.0909   1.0000

{txt}(obs=238)

             {c |} ideal_~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
   ideal_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.0160   1.0000

{txt}(obs=237)

             {c |}  mc3ggum  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
     mc3ggum {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.1044   1.0000

{txt}
{com}. postclose CF
{txt}
{com}. clear
{txt}
{com}. use "CF.dta"
{txt}
{com}. g ggumvsideal = ggum > nonexpressive
{txt}
{com}. g expressivevsggum = expressive > ggum
{txt}
{com}. tab ggumvs

{txt}ggumvsideal {c |}      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
{hline 12}{c +}{hline 35}
          0 {c |}{res}          3       30.00       30.00
{txt}          1 {c |}{res}          7       70.00      100.00
{txt}{hline 12}{c +}{hline 35}
      Total {c |}{res}         10      100.00
{txt}
{com}. tab expressivevs

{txt}expressivev {c |}
      sggum {c |}      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
{hline 12}{c +}{hline 35}
          0 {c |}{res}          3       30.00       30.00
{txt}          1 {c |}{res}          7       70.00      100.00
{txt}{hline 12}{c +}{hline 35}
      Total {c |}{res}         10      100.00
{txt}
{com}. 
. ***Figure 4***
. clear
{txt}
{com}. import delimited "expressive_ideal_expected_expressive_by_votes_51-117.csv"
{res}{txt}(encoding automatically selected: ISO-8859-2)
{text}(5 vars, 32,810 obs)

{com}. split rollcall, p(_)
{res}variables created as string: 
{txt}{col 1}rollcall1{col 12}rollcall2

{com}. rename rollcall1 cong
{res}{txt}
{com}. destring cong, replace
{txt}cong: all characters numeric; {res}replaced {txt}as {res}int
{txt}
{com}. rename rollcall2 bill
{res}{txt}
{com}. destring bill, replace
{txt}bill: all characters numeric; {res}replaced {txt}as {res}int
{txt}
{com}. drop rollcall
{txt}
{com}. g nbills = 1
{txt}
{com}. g possible = eexpressive != 0
{txt}
{com}. replace eexpressive = . if eexpressive == 0
{txt}(23,822 real changes made, 23,822 to missing)

{com}. collapse (mean) eexpressive (sum) possible nbills, by(cong) 
{res}{txt}
{com}. g prop_possible = possible/nbills
{txt}
{com}. *numbers discussed in text
. sum prop_possible [fw = nbills]

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
prop_possi~e {c |}{res}     32,810    .2739409    .0713395   .1075269   .4364364
{txt}
{com}. scalar ppossible = r(mean)
{txt}
{com}. sum eexpressive [fw = possible]

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
{space 1}eexpressive {c |}{res}      8,988    3.026309    1.385722   .4146884   6.964736
{txt}
{com}. scalar eee = r(mean)
{txt}
{com}. disp 1/((eee*ppossible)/435)
{res}524.70971
{txt}
{com}. *figure
. graph twoway line eexpressive cong
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .legend.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.reset_rule 51 117 11 , tickset(major) ruletype(range) 
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Protest Votes Per Bill
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.reset_rule 0 6 2 , tickset(major) ruletype(range)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_ysize(4) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_xsize(5.5) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle margin(vsmall) boxstyle(shadestyle(color(white)) linestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot1.style.editstyle line(color(black) width(medthick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. graph export "Eexpressive.png", replace as(png)
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
(file {bf}
Eexpressive.png{rm}
not found)
{p_end}
{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
Eexpressive.png{rm}
saved as
PNG
format
{p_end}

{com}. 
. ***Find bills where protest voting was pivotal, discussed in main text***
. clear
{txt}
{com}. import delimited "expressive_ideal_expected_expressive_by_votes_51-117.csv"
{res}{txt}(encoding automatically selected: ISO-8859-2)
{text}(5 vars, 32,810 obs)

{com}. split rollcall, p(_)
{res}variables created as string: 
{txt}{col 1}rollcall1{col 12}rollcall2

{com}. rename rollcall1 cong
{res}{txt}
{com}. destring cong, replace
{txt}cong: all characters numeric; {res}replaced {txt}as {res}int
{txt}
{com}. rename rollcall2 bill
{res}{txt}
{com}. destring bill, replace
{txt}bill: all characters numeric; {res}replaced {txt}as {res}int
{txt}
{com}. drop rollcall rc_idx
{txt}
{com}. drop vote_*
{txt}
{com}. order cong bill eexpressive
{txt}
{com}. save "ideal_eexpressive.dta", replace
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
ideal_eexpressive.dta{rm}
saved
{p_end}

{com}. clear
{txt}
{com}. import delimited "Hall_rollcalls.csv"
{res}{txt}(encoding automatically selected: ISO-8859-1)
{text}(18 vars, 57,878 obs)

{com}. keep if congress >= 51
{txt}(18,570 observations deleted)

{com}. keep congress rollnumber yea_count nay_count vote_desc vote_question
{txt}
{com}. rename congress cong
{res}{txt}
{com}. rename rollnumber bill
{res}{txt}
{com}. merge 1:1 cong bill using "ideal_eexpressive.dta"
{res}
{txt}{col 5}Result{col 33}Number of obs
{col 5}{hline 41}
{col 5}Not matched{col 30}{res}           6,730
{txt}{col 9}from master{col 30}{res}           6,614{txt}  (_merge==1)
{col 9}from using{col 30}{res}             116{txt}  (_merge==2)

{col 5}Matched{col 30}{res}          32,694{txt}  (_merge==3)
{col 5}{hline 41}

{com}. tab cong _merge

           {txt}{c |}    Matching result from merge
      cong {c |} Master on  Using onl  Matched ( {c |}     Total
{hline 11}{c +}{hline 33}{c +}{hline 10}
        51 {c |}{res}        45          0        542 {txt}{c |}{res}       587 
{txt}        52 {c |}{res}        25          0        279 {txt}{c |}{res}       304 
{txt}        53 {c |}{res}        79          0        294 {txt}{c |}{res}       373 
{txt}        54 {c |}{res}         4          0        158 {txt}{c |}{res}       162 
{txt}        55 {c |}{res}        11          0        172 {txt}{c |}{res}       183 
{txt}        56 {c |}{res}         8          0        141 {txt}{c |}{res}       149 
{txt}        57 {c |}{res}        23          0        162 {txt}{c |}{res}       185 
{txt}        58 {c |}{res}         2          0         85 {txt}{c |}{res}        87 
{txt}        59 {c |}{res}         9          0        127 {txt}{c |}{res}       136 
{txt}        60 {c |}{res}        73          0        239 {txt}{c |}{res}       312 
{txt}        61 {c |}{res}         9          0        193 {txt}{c |}{res}       202 
{txt}        62 {c |}{res}        11          0        251 {txt}{c |}{res}       262 
{txt}        63 {c |}{res}        13          0        269 {txt}{c |}{res}       282 
{txt}        64 {c |}{res}         8          0        149 {txt}{c |}{res}       157 
{txt}        65 {c |}{res}        47          0        219 {txt}{c |}{res}       266 
{txt}        66 {c |}{res}        61          0        278 {txt}{c |}{res}       339 
{txt}        67 {c |}{res}        35          0        327 {txt}{c |}{res}       362 
{txt}        68 {c |}{res}        13          0        166 {txt}{c |}{res}       179 
{txt}        69 {c |}{res}         8          0        106 {txt}{c |}{res}       114 
{txt}        70 {c |}{res}         4          0         68 {txt}{c |}{res}        72 
{txt}        71 {c |}{res}         5          0         98 {txt}{c |}{res}       103 
{txt}        72 {c |}{res}         7          0        116 {txt}{c |}{res}       123 
{txt}        73 {c |}{res}         6          0        137 {txt}{c |}{res}       143 
{txt}        74 {c |}{res}         6          0        206 {txt}{c |}{res}       212 
{txt}        75 {c |}{res}         4          0        154 {txt}{c |}{res}       158 
{txt}        76 {c |}{res}        10          0        217 {txt}{c |}{res}       227 
{txt}        77 {c |}{res}        25          0        127 {txt}{c |}{res}       152 
{txt}        78 {c |}{res}        21          0        135 {txt}{c |}{res}       156 
{txt}        79 {c |}{res}        21          0        210 {txt}{c |}{res}       231 
{txt}        80 {c |}{res}        15          0        148 {txt}{c |}{res}       163 
{txt}        81 {c |}{res}        27          0        248 {txt}{c |}{res}       275 
{txt}        82 {c |}{res}        20          0        161 {txt}{c |}{res}       181 
{txt}        83 {c |}{res}        27          0        120 {txt}{c |}{res}       147 
{txt}        84 {c |}{res}        27          0        122 {txt}{c |}{res}       149 
{txt}        85 {c |}{res}        20          0        173 {txt}{c |}{res}       193 
{txt}        86 {c |}{res}        18          0        162 {txt}{c |}{res}       180 
{txt}        87 {c |}{res}        35          0        205 {txt}{c |}{res}       240 
{txt}        88 {c |}{res}        28          0        204 {txt}{c |}{res}       232 
{txt}        89 {c |}{res}        87          0        307 {txt}{c |}{res}       394 
{txt}        90 {c |}{res}        83          0        395 {txt}{c |}{res}       478 
{txt}        91 {c |}{res}        84          0        359 {txt}{c |}{res}       443 
{txt}        92 {c |}{res}       104          0        545 {txt}{c |}{res}       649 
{txt}        93 {c |}{res}       139          0        939 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,078 
{txt}        94 {c |}{res}       193          0      1,080 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,273 
{txt}        95 {c |}{res}       295          0      1,245 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,540 
{txt}        96 {c |}{res}       190          0      1,086 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,276 
{txt}        97 {c |}{res}       122          0        690 {txt}{c |}{res}       812 
{txt}        98 {c |}{res}       109          0        797 {txt}{c |}{res}       906 
{txt}        99 {c |}{res}       110          0        780 {txt}{c |}{res}       890 
{txt}       100 {c |}{res}       160          0        779 {txt}{c |}{res}       939 
{txt}       101 {c |}{res}       118          0        761 {txt}{c |}{res}       879 
{txt}       102 {c |}{res}       113          0        788 {txt}{c |}{res}       901 
{txt}       103 {c |}{res}       120          0        974 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,094 
{txt}       104 {c |}{res}       139          0      1,182 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,321 
{txt}       105 {c |}{res}       210          0        956 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,166 
{txt}       106 {c |}{res}       316          0        893 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,209 
{txt}       107 {c |}{res}       303          0        687 {txt}{c |}{res}       990 
{txt}       108 {c |}{res}       366          0        852 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,218 
{txt}       109 {c |}{res}       301          0        909 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,210 
{txt}       110 {c |}{res}       467          0      1,398 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,865 
{txt}       111 {c |}{res}       648          0        999 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,647 
{txt}       112 {c |}{res}       163          0      1,439 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,602 
{txt}       113 {c |}{res}       177          0      1,025 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,202 
{txt}       114 {c |}{res}       190          0      1,132 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,322 
{txt}       115 {c |}{res}       242          0        965 {txt}{c |}{res}     1,207 
{txt}       116 {c |}{res}       132          0        820 {txt}{c |}{res}       952 
{txt}       117 {c |}{res}       123        116        744 {txt}{c |}{res}       983 
{txt}{hline 11}{c +}{hline 33}{c +}{hline 10}
     Total {c |}{res}     6,614        116     32,694 {txt}{c |}{res}    39,424 
{txt}
{com}. keep if _merge == 3
{txt}(6,730 observations deleted)

{com}. drop _merge
{txt}
{com}. replace eexpressive = 0 if eexpressive == .
{txt}(0 real changes made)

{com}. g margin = yea_count - nay_count
{txt}
{com}. g pivotal = margin < 0 & eexpressive > margin*-1
{txt}
{com}. browse if pivotal == 1
{txt}
{com}. 
. ***Figure 5***
. clear
{txt}
{com}. postutil clear
{txt}
{com}. use "cleaneddata.dta"
{txt}
{com}. postfile Correlations cong ideal_majority using "Correlations.dta", replace
{txt}
{com}. forvalues i = 51/117 {c -(}
{txt}  2{com}. corr expressive_ideal_idp ideal_idp if cong == `i' & majority == 1
{txt}  3{com}. scalar ideal_majority = r(rho)
{txt}  4{com}. post Correlations (`i') (ideal_majority)
{txt}  5{com}. {c )-}
{txt}(obs=178)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9881   1.0000

{txt}(obs=237)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9993   1.0000

{txt}(obs=218)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9934   1.0000

{txt}(obs=239)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9726   1.0000

{txt}(obs=198)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9530   1.0000

{txt}(obs=183)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9622   1.0000

{txt}(obs=195)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9857   1.0000

{txt}(obs=147)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.8001   1.0000

{txt}(obs=224)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9955   1.0000

{txt}(obs=216)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9803   1.0000

{txt}(obs=214)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9857   1.0000

{txt}(obs=226)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9876   1.0000

{txt}(obs=287)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9854   1.0000

{txt}(obs=227)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9827   1.0000

{txt}(obs=216)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9882   1.0000

{txt}(obs=244)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9550   1.0000

{txt}(obs=302)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9749   1.0000

{txt}(obs=220)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9872   1.0000

{txt}(obs=235)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9697   1.0000

{txt}(obs=192)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9967   1.0000

{txt}(obs=257)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9918   1.0000

{txt}(obs=217)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9361   1.0000

{txt}(obs=312)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9897   1.0000

{txt}(obs=319)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9884   1.0000

{txt}(obs=330)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9950   1.0000

{txt}(obs=264)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9972   1.0000

{txt}(obs=259)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9726   1.0000

{txt}(obs=219)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9946   1.0000

{txt}(obs=246)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9975   1.0000

{txt}(obs=247)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9418   1.0000

{txt}(obs=261)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9967   1.0000

{txt}(obs=233)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9991   1.0000

{txt}(obs=219)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9952   1.0000

{txt}(obs=233)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9962   1.0000

{txt}(obs=238)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9981   1.0000

{txt}(obs=282)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9981   1.0000

{txt}(obs=271)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9931   1.0000

{txt}(obs=260)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9961   1.0000

{txt}(obs=300)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9998   1.0000

{txt}(obs=249)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9998   1.0000

{txt}(obs=246)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9999   1.0000

{txt}(obs=256)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9985   1.0000

{txt}(obs=245)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9982   1.0000

{txt}(obs=292)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9991   1.0000

{txt}(obs=291)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9990   1.0000

{txt}(obs=279)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9977   1.0000

{txt}(obs=243)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9958   1.0000

{txt}(obs=269)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9928   1.0000

{txt}(obs=255)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9559   1.0000

{txt}(obs=260)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9722   1.0000

{txt}(obs=262)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9718   1.0000

{txt}(obs=268)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9833   1.0000

{txt}(obs=264)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9834   1.0000

{txt}(obs=236)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9826   1.0000

{txt}(obs=231)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9859   1.0000

{txt}(obs=224)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9523   1.0000

{txt}(obs=228)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9299   1.0000

{txt}(obs=232)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9808   1.0000

{txt}(obs=236)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9873   1.0000

{txt}(obs=245)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9608   1.0000

{txt}(obs=268)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9911   1.0000

{txt}(obs=243)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9843   1.0000

{txt}(obs=237)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9625   1.0000

{txt}(obs=248)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9750   1.0000

{txt}(obs=245)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.8367   1.0000

{txt}(obs=240)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.9323   1.0000

{txt}(obs=228)

             {c |} ex~l_idp ideal_~p
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~l_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
   {txt}ideal_idp {c |}{res}   0.8858   1.0000

{txt}
{com}. postclose Correlations
{txt}
{com}. clear
{txt}
{com}. use "Correlations.dta"
{txt}
{com}. graph twoway line ideal_majority cong
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .legend.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.reset_rule 51 117 11 , tickset(major) ruletype(range) 
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Correlation between Standard and Adjusted Estimates
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_ysize(4) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_xsize(5.5) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle margin(vsmall) boxstyle(shadestyle(color(white)) linestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot1.style.editstyle line(color(black) width(medthick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. graph export "IdeologyCorrelations.png", replace as(png)
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
(file {bf}
IdeologyCorrelations.png{rm}
not found)
{p_end}
{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
IdeologyCorrelations.png{rm}
saved as
PNG
format
{p_end}

{com}. 
. ***Appendix Figure 1***
. clear
{txt}
{com}. import delimited "stacked_idealpoints.csv"
{res}{txt}(encoding automatically selected: ISO-8859-1)
{res}{text}(9 vars, 28,174 obs)

{com}. split member_label, p("(")
{res}variables created as string: 
{txt}{col 1}member_lab~1{col 15}member_lab~2

{com}. split member_label2, p(-)
{res}variables created as string: 
{txt}{col 1}member_la~21{col 15}member_la~22

{com}. rename member_label21 party
{res}{txt}
{com}. drop if party == "I"
{txt}(181 observations deleted)

{com}. g dem = party == "D"
{txt}
{com}. egen cong_dem = group(congress dem)
{txt}
{com}. collapse *_idp congress dem, by(cong_dem)
{res}{txt}
{com}. drop cong_dem
{txt}
{com}. rename stacked_ideal_idp ideal
{res}{txt}
{com}. rename stacked_ideal_exp_idp idealexp
{res}{txt}
{com}. rename stacked_wnom_idp nom
{res}{txt}
{com}. rename stacked_wnom_exp_idp nomexp
{res}{txt}
{com}. foreach i in ideal idealexp nom nomexp {c -(}
{txt}  2{com}. replace `i' = `i'*-1
{txt}  3{com}. {c )-}
{txt}(134 real changes made)
(134 real changes made)
(134 real changes made)
(134 real changes made)

{com}. reshape wide ideal idealexp nom nomexp, i(cong) j(dem)
{res}{txt}(j = 0 1)

Data{col 36}Long{col 43}->{col 48}Wide
{hline 77}
Number of observations     {res}         134   {txt}->   {res}67          
{txt}Number of variables        {res}           6   {txt}->   {res}9           
{txt}j variable (2 values)               {res}dem   {txt}->   (dropped)
xij variables:
                                  {res}ideal   {txt}->   {res}ideal0 ideal1
                               idealexp   {txt}->   {res}idealexp0 idealexp1
                                    nom   {txt}->   {res}nom0 nom1
                                 nomexp   {txt}->   {res}nomexp0 nomexp1
{txt}{hline 77}

{com}. foreach i in ideal idealexp nom nomexp {c -(}
{txt}  2{com}. g polarization_`i' = `i'0 - `i'1
{txt}  3{com}. {c )-}
{txt}
{com}. g diff = polarization_idealexp - polarization_ideal
{txt}
{com}. g demdiff = ideal1 - idealexp1
{txt}
{com}. g repdiff = idealexp0 - ideal0
{txt}
{com}. *Average difference in polarization between two measures
. sum polarization_idealexp

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
polariz~lexp {c |}{res}         67    2.484908    .6540817   1.836687   3.896128
{txt}
{com}. scalar avgexp = r(mean)
{txt}
{com}. sum polarization_ideal

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
polarizati~l {c |}{res}         67    2.357519    .6097069   1.783683   3.714234
{txt}
{com}. disp avgexp/r(mean)
{res}1.0540355
{txt}
{com}. *Difference in average increase in polarization between two measures
. sum polarization_idealexp if cong == 90

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
polariz~lexp {c |}{res}          1    2.070479           .   2.070479   2.070479
{txt}
{com}. scalar start = r(mean)
{txt}
{com}. sum polarization_idealexp if cong == 117

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
polariz~lexp {c |}{res}          1    3.855118           .   3.855118   3.855118
{txt}
{com}. scalar increaseexp = r(mean) - start
{txt}
{com}. sum polarization_ideal if cong == 90

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
polarizati~l {c |}{res}          1     1.91448           .    1.91448    1.91448
{txt}
{com}. scalar start = r(mean)
{txt}
{com}. sum polarization_ideal if cong == 117

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
polarizati~l {c |}{res}          1    3.610824           .   3.610824   3.610824
{txt}
{com}. scalar increasestandard = r(mean) - start
{txt}
{com}. disp increaseexp/increasestandard
{res}1.0520504
{txt}
{com}. *figure
. graph twoway line ideal1 ideal0 idealexp1 idealexp0 congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .legend.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.reset_rule 51 117 11 , tickset(major) ruletype(range) 
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Estimated Ideology
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_ysize(4) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_xsize(5.5) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle margin(vsmall) boxstyle(shadestyle(color(white)) linestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot2.style.editstyle line(color(red) width(medthick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot4.style.editstyle line(color(maroon) width(medthick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot1.style.editstyle line(color(blue) width(medthick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot3.style.editstyle line(color(navy) width(medthick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor .9107055281641272 63.96248420282434
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle color(red) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text.Arrpush Republicans (standard)
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{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].DragBy -.1030545221960519 -1.224028558022152
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{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].DragBy .0154581783294083 -.5245836677237908
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{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor 1.266243629740505 63.02989101575984
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text.Arrpush Republicans (adjusted)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle color(maroon) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].DragBy -.0618327133176323 .4662965935322422
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].DragBy .0515272610980255 -4.604678861130964
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor -.5526686870198043 69.20832088006213
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 3
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 3
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].text.Arrpush Democrats (standard)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].style.editstyle color(blue) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor -.5423632348001988 75.96962148627976
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 4
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 4
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[4].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].DragBy -.0154581783294079 -5.478984974003945
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[3].DragBy -.0154581783294083 -1.748612225745935
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{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor -.9648867758040098 64.31220664797353
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 5
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 5
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[5].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[5].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[5].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[5].text.Arrpush Democrats (adjusted)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[5].style.editstyle color(navy) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[5].DragBy -.0154581783294081 -.3497224451491953
{res}{txt}
{com}. graph save "Polarization1.gph", replace
{res}{txt}file {bf:Polarization1.gph} saved

{com}. graph twoway line demdiff repdiff congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .legend.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.reset_rule 51 117 11 , tickset(major) ruletype(range) 
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Difference in Estimated Extremism
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_ysize(4) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_xsize(5.5) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle margin(vsmall) boxstyle(shadestyle(color(white)) linestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot1.style.editstyle line(color(blue) width(medthick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot2.style.editstyle line(color(red) width(medthick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor .024 54
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle color(blue) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text.Arrpush Democrats
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor .056 55
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle color(red) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text.Arrpush Republicans
{res}{txt}
{com}. graph save "Polarization2.gph", replace
{res}{txt}file {bf:Polarization2.gph} saved

{com}. graph twoway line polarization_ideal polarization_idealexp congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .legend.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.reset_rule 51 117 11 , tickset(major) ruletype(range) 
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Estimated Polarization
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_ysize(4) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_xsize(5.5) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle margin(vsmall) boxstyle(shadestyle(color(white)) linestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot1.style.editstyle line(color(gs8) width(medthick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot2.style.editstyle line(color(black) width(medthick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor 1.75 64.5
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle color(gs8) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text.Arrpush Standard
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor 2 66
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text.Arrpush Adjusted
{res}{txt}
{com}. graph save "Polarization3.gph", replace
{res}{txt}file {bf:Polarization3.gph} saved

{com}. graph twoway line diff congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .legend.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.reset_rule 51 117 11 , tickset(major) ruletype(range) 
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Difference in Estimated Polarization
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_ysize(4) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_xsize(5.5) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle margin(vsmall) boxstyle(shadestyle(color(white)) linestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot1.style.editstyle line(color(black) width(medthick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. graph save "Polarization4.gph", replace
{res}{txt}file {bf:Polarization4.gph} saved

{com}. graph combine "Polarization1.gph" "Polarization2.gph" "Polarization3.gph" "Polarization4.gph", col(2)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle margin(zero) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle boxstyle(shadestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle boxstyle(linestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph1.yaxis1.title.style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph2.yaxis1.title.style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph3.yaxis1.title.style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph4.yaxis1.title.style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph1.xaxis1.title.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph2.xaxis1.title.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph1.plotregion1.added_text[2].DragBy .1823123707348621 -.4211735607050578
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph2.plotregion1.added_text[1].DragBy -.0032305729073626 -1.181986828942222
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph1.plotregion1.added_text[5].DragBy -.1823123707348642 -3.895855436521797
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph3.plotregion1.added_text[2].DragBy .223063367413133 -1.396893525113504
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph3.xaxis1.title.style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.graph4.xaxis1.title.style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. graph export "Polarization.png", replace as(png)
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
(file {bf}
Polarization.png{rm}
not found)
{p_end}
{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
Polarization.png{rm}
saved as
PNG
format
{p_end}

{com}. 
. ***Appendix Table 1***
. clear
{txt}
{com}. use "cleaneddata.dta"
{txt}
{com}. *drop if multiple people served in the same seat (or there were multimember dists)
. duplicates tag state dist eyear, g(repeat)

{p 0 4}{txt}Duplicates in terms of {res} state dist eyear{p_end}
{txt}
{com}. keep if repeat == 0
{txt}(855 observations deleted)

{com}. drop repeat
{txt}
{com}. tostring dist, replace
{txt}dist was {res:byte} now {res:str2}

{com}. replace dist = state + "-" + dist
{txt}variable {bf}{res}dist{sf}{txt} was {bf}{res}str2{sf}{txt} now {bf}{res}str5{sf}
{txt}(27,319 real changes made)

{com}. drop state
{txt}
{com}. merge 1:1 dist eyear using "Pres_CD_1952_2020.dta"
{res}
{txt}{col 5}Result{col 33}Number of obs
{col 5}{hline 41}
{col 5}Not matched{col 30}{res}          12,847
{txt}{col 9}from master{col 30}{res}          12,469{txt}  (_merge==1)
{col 9}from using{col 30}{res}             378{txt}  (_merge==2)

{col 5}Matched{col 30}{res}          14,850{txt}  (_merge==3)
{col 5}{hline 41}

{com}. tab eyear _merge

           {txt}{c |}    Matching result from merge
     eyear {c |} Master on  Using onl  Matched ( {c |}     Total
{hline 11}{c +}{hline 33}{c +}{hline 10}
      1890 {c |}{res}       319          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       319 
{txt}      1892 {c |}{res}       322          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       322 
{txt}      1894 {c |}{res}       340          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       340 
{txt}      1896 {c |}{res}       327          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       327 
{txt}      1898 {c |}{res}       341          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       341 
{txt}      1900 {c |}{res}       332          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       332 
{txt}      1902 {c |}{res}       322          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       322 
{txt}      1904 {c |}{res}       266          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       266 
{txt}      1906 {c |}{res}       334          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       334 
{txt}      1908 {c |}{res}       365          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       365 
{txt}      1910 {c |}{res}       374          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       374 
{txt}      1912 {c |}{res}       378          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       378 
{txt}      1914 {c |}{res}       402          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       402 
{txt}      1916 {c |}{res}       420          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       420 
{txt}      1918 {c |}{res}       415          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       415 
{txt}      1920 {c |}{res}       411          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       411 
{txt}      1922 {c |}{res}       418          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       418 
{txt}      1924 {c |}{res}       425          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       425 
{txt}      1926 {c |}{res}       415          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       415 
{txt}      1928 {c |}{res}       353          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       353 
{txt}      1930 {c |}{res}       413          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       413 
{txt}      1932 {c |}{res}       423          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       423 
{txt}      1934 {c |}{res}       378          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       378 
{txt}      1936 {c |}{res}       424          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       424 
{txt}      1938 {c |}{res}       422          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       422 
{txt}      1940 {c |}{res}       416          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       416 
{txt}      1942 {c |}{res}       421          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       421 
{txt}      1944 {c |}{res}       420          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       420 
{txt}      1946 {c |}{res}       422          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       422 
{txt}      1948 {c |}{res}       421          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       421 
{txt}      1950 {c |}{res}       425          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       425 
{txt}      1952 {c |}{res}        16         28        407 {txt}{c |}{res}       451 
{txt}      1954 {c |}{res}         3          9        426 {txt}{c |}{res}       438 
{txt}      1956 {c |}{res}         4         12        423 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}      1958 {c |}{res}         4         17        419 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}      1960 {c |}{res}         2         10        427 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}      1962 {c |}{res}        23         31        404 {txt}{c |}{res}       458 
{txt}      1964 {c |}{res}         5         24        411 {txt}{c |}{res}       440 
{txt}      1966 {c |}{res}         4         15        420 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}      1968 {c |}{res}         1         10        425 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1970 {c |}{res}         1          9        426 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1972 {c |}{res}        11         16        419 {txt}{c |}{res}       446 
{txt}      1974 {c |}{res}         0          8        427 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1976 {c |}{res}         1          5        430 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1978 {c |}{res}         1          4        431 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1980 {c |}{res}         1          5        430 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1982 {c |}{res}        18         21        414 {txt}{c |}{res}       453 
{txt}      1984 {c |}{res}         1          3        432 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1986 {c |}{res}         1          4        431 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1988 {c |}{res}         1          6        429 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1990 {c |}{res}         1          5        430 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1992 {c |}{res}        20         22        413 {txt}{c |}{res}       455 
{txt}      1994 {c |}{res}         6          2        433 {txt}{c |}{res}       441 
{txt}      1996 {c |}{res}         1         10        425 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1998 {c |}{res}         1          7        428 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      2000 {c |}{res}         1          4        431 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      2002 {c |}{res}        13         18        417 {txt}{c |}{res}       448 
{txt}      2004 {c |}{res}         1          5        430 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      2006 {c |}{res}         1          3        432 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      2008 {c |}{res}         6         11        424 {txt}{c |}{res}       441 
{txt}      2010 {c |}{res}         7          9        426 {txt}{c |}{res}       442 
{txt}      2012 {c |}{res}        13         21        414 {txt}{c |}{res}       448 
{txt}      2014 {c |}{res}         1          6        429 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      2016 {c |}{res}         1          1        434 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      2018 {c |}{res}         0         11        424 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2020 {c |}{res}         6          6        429 {txt}{c |}{res}       441 
{txt}      2022 {c |}{res}       428          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       428 
{txt}{hline 11}{c +}{hline 33}{c +}{hline 10}
     Total {c |}{res}    12,469        378     14,850 {txt}{c |}{res}    27,697 
{txt}
{com}. keep if _merge == 3
{txt}(12,847 observations deleted)

{com}. drop _merge
{txt}
{com}. rename pres presvs
{res}{txt}
{com}. egen party_year = group(dem rep eyear)
{txt}
{com}. lab var presvs "Presidential Vote Share"
{txt}
{com}. lab var ideal_idp "Ideology (standard)"
{txt}
{com}. lab var expressive_ideal_idp "Ideology (adjusted)"
{txt}
{com}. est clear
{txt}
{com}. eststo: areg ideal_idp presvs, a(eyear) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 52}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:14,850}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:eyear}{col 52}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:35}
{txt}{col 52}{lalign 17:F({res:1}, {res:2766})}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:3299.97}
{txt}{col 52}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:0.0000}
{txt}{col 52}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:0.4561}
{txt}{col 52}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:0.4549}
{txt}{col 52}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:0.7363}

{txt}{ralign 78:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,767} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 13}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 14}{c |}{col 26}    Robust
{col 1}   ideal_idp{col 14}{c |} Coefficient{col 26}  std. err.{col 38}      t{col 46}   P>|t|{col 54}     [95% con{col 67}f. interval]
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 6}presvs {c |}{col 14}{res}{space 2} 5.154268{col 26}{space 2} .0897247{col 37}{space 1}   57.45{col 46}{space 3}0.000{col 54}{space 4} 4.978334{col 67}{space 3} 5.330202
{txt}{space 7}_cons {c |}{col 14}{res}{space 2} .0379361{col 26}{space 2}  .014815{col 37}{space 1}    2.56{col 46}{space 3}0.011{col 54}{space 4} .0088865{col 67}{space 3} .0669857
{txt}{hline 13}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est1{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg expressive_ideal_idp presvs, a(eyear) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 52}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:14,850}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:eyear}{col 52}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:35}
{txt}{col 52}{lalign 17:F({res:1}, {res:2766})}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:3311.81}
{txt}{col 52}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:0.0000}
{txt}{col 52}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:0.4612}
{txt}{col 52}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:0.4599}
{txt}{col 52}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 69} = {res}{ralign 7:0.7331}

{txt}{ralign 78:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,767} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 13}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 14}{c |}{col 26}    Robust
{col 1}expres~l_idp{col 14}{c |} Coefficient{col 26}  std. err.{col 38}      t{col 46}   P>|t|{col 54}     [95% con{col 67}f. interval]
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 6}presvs {c |}{col 14}{res}{space 2} 5.183853{col 26}{space 2} .0900783{col 37}{space 1}   57.55{col 46}{space 3}0.000{col 54}{space 4} 5.007225{col 67}{space 3}  5.36048
{txt}{space 7}_cons {c |}{col 14}{res}{space 2} .0380295{col 26}{space 2} .0147927{col 37}{space 1}    2.57{col 46}{space 3}0.010{col 54}{space 4} .0090236{col 67}{space 3} .0670354
{txt}{hline 13}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est2{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg ideal_idp presvs, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:14,850}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:83}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:1}, {res:2766})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:956.80}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.7429}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.7415}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.5071}

{txt}{ralign 78:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,767} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 13}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 14}{c |}{col 26}    Robust
{col 1}   ideal_idp{col 14}{c |} Coefficient{col 26}  std. err.{col 38}      t{col 46}   P>|t|{col 54}     [95% con{col 67}f. interval]
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 6}presvs {c |}{col 14}{res}{space 2} 2.433138{col 26}{space 2} .0786605{col 37}{space 1}   30.93{col 46}{space 3}0.000{col 54}{space 4} 2.278899{col 67}{space 3} 2.587378
{txt}{space 7}_cons {c |}{col 14}{res}{space 2} .0191027{col 26}{space 2} .0103744{col 37}{space 1}    1.84{col 46}{space 3}0.066{col 54}{space 4}-.0012396{col 67}{space 3}  .039445
{txt}{hline 13}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est3{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg expressive_ideal_idp presvs, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:14,850}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:83}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:1}, {res:2766})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:881.79}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.7491}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.7477}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.5011}

{txt}{ralign 78:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,767} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 13}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 14}{c |}{col 26}    Robust
{col 1}expres~l_idp{col 14}{c |} Coefficient{col 26}  std. err.{col 38}      t{col 46}   P>|t|{col 54}     [95% con{col 67}f. interval]
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 6}presvs {c |}{col 14}{res}{space 2} 2.452814{col 26}{space 2} .0826005{col 37}{space 1}   29.69{col 46}{space 3}0.000{col 54}{space 4} 2.290849{col 67}{space 3} 2.614779
{txt}{space 7}_cons {c |}{col 14}{res}{space 2} .0191275{col 26}{space 2}  .010323{col 37}{space 1}    1.85{col 46}{space 3}0.064{col 54}{space 4}-.0011141{col 67}{space 3} .0393691
{txt}{hline 13}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est4{txt} stored)

{com}. esttab using representation.tex, replace b(3) se(3) r2 nomtitle label star(* .05 ** .01)
{res}{txt}{p 0 4 2}
(file {bf}
representation.tex{rm}
not found)
{p_end}
(output written to {browse  `"representation.tex"'})

{com}. 
. ***Appendix Tables 2, 3, and 4***
. clear
{txt}
{com}. import delimited "house_member_campaign_receipts.csv"
{res}{txt}(encoding automatically selected: ISO-8859-1)
{res}{text}(11 vars, 6,520 obs)

{com}. rename year eyear
{res}{txt}
{com}. *drop duplicate cases (one case where a child mistakenly got matched to the same icpsr code, another where someone switched parties)
. drop if eyear == 2004 & fecname == "tauzin, wilbert j iii"
{txt}(1 observation deleted)

{com}. drop if fecname == "fish, hamilton jr" & cand_pty_affiliation == "DEM"
{txt}(1 observation deleted)

{com}. duplicates report eyear icpsr

{p 0 4}{txt}Duplicates in terms of {res} eyear icpsr{p_end}

{txt}{hline 10}{c TT}{hline 27}
   Copies {c |} Observations       Surplus
{hline 10}{c +}{hline 27}
        1 {c |}         {res}6518             0
{txt}{hline 10}{c BT}{hline 27}

{com}. drop congress bioname cand_pty state cd district
{txt}
{com}. save "fec_receipts.dta", replace
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
fec_receipts.dta{rm}
saved
{p_end}

{com}. clear
{txt}
{com}. use "cleaneddata.dta"
{txt}
{com}. *drop redistricting years
. drop if eyear - 2 == floor(eyear/10)*10
{txt}(5,876 observations deleted)

{com}. *drop if multiple people served in the same seat (or there were multimember dists)
. duplicates tag state dist eyear, g(repeat)

{p 0 4}{txt}Duplicates in terms of {res} state dist eyear{p_end}
{txt}
{com}. keep if repeat == 0
{txt}(693 observations deleted)

{com}. drop repeat
{txt}
{com}. merge 1:1 state dist eyear using "HouseVoteShares.dta"
{res}{txt}{p 0 7 2}
(variable
{bf:dist} was {bf:byte}, now {bf:float} to accommodate using data's values)
{p_end}

{col 5}Result{col 33}Number of obs
{col 5}{hline 41}
{col 5}Not matched{col 30}{res}           4,282
{txt}{col 9}from master{col 30}{res}           2,930{txt}  (_merge==1)
{col 9}from using{col 30}{res}           1,352{txt}  (_merge==2)

{col 5}Matched{col 30}{res}          18,675{txt}  (_merge==3)
{col 5}{hline 41}

{com}. tab eyear _merge

           {txt}{c |}    Matching result from merge
     eyear {c |} Master on  Using onl  Matched ( {c |}     Total
{hline 11}{c +}{hline 33}{c +}{hline 10}
      1880 {c |}{res}         0        208          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       208 
{txt}      1884 {c |}{res}         0        220          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       220 
{txt}      1886 {c |}{res}         0        220          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       220 
{txt}      1888 {c |}{res}         0        233          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       233 
{txt}      1890 {c |}{res}       104          2        215 {txt}{c |}{res}       321 
{txt}      1894 {c |}{res}       111          5        229 {txt}{c |}{res}       345 
{txt}      1896 {c |}{res}        94          7        233 {txt}{c |}{res}       334 
{txt}      1898 {c |}{res}        69          3        272 {txt}{c |}{res}       344 
{txt}      1900 {c |}{res}        64          6        268 {txt}{c |}{res}       338 
{txt}      1904 {c |}{res}        32         82        234 {txt}{c |}{res}       348 
{txt}      1906 {c |}{res}        49         20        285 {txt}{c |}{res}       354 
{txt}      1908 {c |}{res}        43         12        322 {txt}{c |}{res}       377 
{txt}      1910 {c |}{res}        69          6        305 {txt}{c |}{res}       380 
{txt}      1914 {c |}{res}        68         12        334 {txt}{c |}{res}       414 
{txt}      1916 {c |}{res}        47          2        373 {txt}{c |}{res}       422 
{txt}      1918 {c |}{res}        63          8        352 {txt}{c |}{res}       423 
{txt}      1920 {c |}{res}        67          4        344 {txt}{c |}{res}       415 
{txt}      1924 {c |}{res}        49          2        376 {txt}{c |}{res}       427 
{txt}      1926 {c |}{res}        34          6        381 {txt}{c |}{res}       421 
{txt}      1928 {c |}{res}        20         54        333 {txt}{c |}{res}       407 
{txt}      1930 {c |}{res}        38          8        375 {txt}{c |}{res}       421 
{txt}      1934 {c |}{res}        58         34        320 {txt}{c |}{res}       412 
{txt}      1936 {c |}{res}        69          3        355 {txt}{c |}{res}       427 
{txt}      1938 {c |}{res}        59          6        363 {txt}{c |}{res}       428 
{txt}      1940 {c |}{res}        36          9        380 {txt}{c |}{res}       425 
{txt}      1944 {c |}{res}        51         12        369 {txt}{c |}{res}       432 
{txt}      1946 {c |}{res}        60          8        362 {txt}{c |}{res}       430 
{txt}      1948 {c |}{res}        50         10        371 {txt}{c |}{res}       431 
{txt}      1950 {c |}{res}        40          7        385 {txt}{c |}{res}       432 
{txt}      1954 {c |}{res}        38          5        391 {txt}{c |}{res}       434 
{txt}      1956 {c |}{res}        36          8        391 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1958 {c |}{res}        49         10        374 {txt}{c |}{res}       433 
{txt}      1960 {c |}{res}        42          7        387 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1964 {c |}{res}        47         16        369 {txt}{c |}{res}       432 
{txt}      1966 {c |}{res}        35          9        389 {txt}{c |}{res}       433 
{txt}      1968 {c |}{res}        41          8        385 {txt}{c |}{res}       434 
{txt}      1970 {c |}{res}        49          5        378 {txt}{c |}{res}       432 
{txt}      1974 {c |}{res}        61          6        366 {txt}{c |}{res}       433 
{txt}      1976 {c |}{res}        61          4        370 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1978 {c |}{res}        72          3        360 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1980 {c |}{res}        55          3        376 {txt}{c |}{res}       434 
{txt}      1984 {c |}{res}        44          3        389 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1986 {c |}{res}        55          1        377 {txt}{c |}{res}       433 
{txt}      1988 {c |}{res}        43          5        387 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1990 {c |}{res}        42          5        389 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1994 {c |}{res}        71          2        368 {txt}{c |}{res}       441 
{txt}      1996 {c |}{res}        69          7        357 {txt}{c |}{res}       433 
{txt}      1998 {c |}{res}        59          6        370 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2000 {c |}{res}        43          1        389 {txt}{c |}{res}       433 
{txt}      2004 {c |}{res}        48          4        383 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2006 {c |}{res}        50          3        383 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      2008 {c |}{res}        47          9        383 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}      2010 {c |}{res}        50          6        383 {txt}{c |}{res}       439 
{txt}      2014 {c |}{res}        62          5        368 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2016 {c |}{res}        59          1        376 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      2018 {c |}{res}        89          0        335 {txt}{c |}{res}       424 
{txt}      2020 {c |}{res}        69          1        366 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}{hline 11}{c +}{hline 33}{c +}{hline 10}
     Total {c |}{res}     2,930      1,352     18,675 {txt}{c |}{res}    22,957 
{txt}
{com}. keep if _merge == 3
{txt}(4,282 observations deleted)

{com}. drop _merge
{txt}
{com}. g cycle = floor((eyear - 4)/10)*10 + 4
{txt}
{com}. g extremism1 = ideal_idp
{txt}
{com}. replace extremism1 = ideal_idp*-1 if dem == 1
{txt}(10,061 real changes made)

{com}. g extremism2 = expressive_ideal_idp
{txt}
{com}. replace extremism2 = expressive_ideal_idp*-1 if dem == 1
{txt}(10,061 real changes made)

{com}. tostring dist, replace
{txt}dist was {res:float} now {res:str2}

{com}. replace dist = state + "-" + dist
{txt}variable {bf}{res}dist{sf}{txt} was {bf}{res}str2{sf}{txt} now {bf}{res}str5{sf}
{txt}(18,675 real changes made)

{com}. drop state
{txt}
{com}. merge 1:1 dist eyear using "Pres_CD_1952_2020.dta"
{res}
{txt}{col 5}Result{col 33}Number of obs
{col 5}{hline 41}
{col 5}Not matched{col 30}{res}          12,825
{txt}{col 9}from master{col 30}{res}           8,136{txt}  (_merge==1)
{col 9}from using{col 30}{res}           4,689{txt}  (_merge==2)

{col 5}Matched{col 30}{res}          10,539{txt}  (_merge==3)
{col 5}{hline 41}

{com}. tab eyear _merge

           {txt}{c |}    Matching result from merge
     eyear {c |} Master on  Using onl  Matched ( {c |}     Total
{hline 11}{c +}{hline 33}{c +}{hline 10}
      1890 {c |}{res}       215          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       215 
{txt}      1894 {c |}{res}       229          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       229 
{txt}      1896 {c |}{res}       233          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       233 
{txt}      1898 {c |}{res}       272          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       272 
{txt}      1900 {c |}{res}       268          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       268 
{txt}      1904 {c |}{res}       234          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       234 
{txt}      1906 {c |}{res}       285          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       285 
{txt}      1908 {c |}{res}       322          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       322 
{txt}      1910 {c |}{res}       305          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       305 
{txt}      1914 {c |}{res}       334          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       334 
{txt}      1916 {c |}{res}       373          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       373 
{txt}      1918 {c |}{res}       352          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       352 
{txt}      1920 {c |}{res}       344          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       344 
{txt}      1924 {c |}{res}       376          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       376 
{txt}      1926 {c |}{res}       381          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       381 
{txt}      1928 {c |}{res}       333          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       333 
{txt}      1930 {c |}{res}       375          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       375 
{txt}      1934 {c |}{res}       320          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       320 
{txt}      1936 {c |}{res}       355          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       355 
{txt}      1938 {c |}{res}       363          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       363 
{txt}      1940 {c |}{res}       380          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       380 
{txt}      1944 {c |}{res}       369          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       369 
{txt}      1946 {c |}{res}       362          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       362 
{txt}      1948 {c |}{res}       371          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       371 
{txt}      1950 {c |}{res}       385          0          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       385 
{txt}      1952 {c |}{res}         0        435          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1954 {c |}{res}         0         44        391 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1956 {c |}{res}         0         44        391 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1958 {c |}{res}         0         62        374 {txt}{c |}{res}       436 
{txt}      1960 {c |}{res}         0         50        387 {txt}{c |}{res}       437 
{txt}      1962 {c |}{res}         0        435          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1964 {c |}{res}         0         66        369 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1966 {c |}{res}         0         46        389 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1968 {c |}{res}         0         50        385 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1970 {c |}{res}         0         57        378 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1972 {c |}{res}         0        435          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1974 {c |}{res}         0         69        366 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1976 {c |}{res}         0         65        370 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1978 {c |}{res}         0         75        360 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1980 {c |}{res}         0         59        376 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1982 {c |}{res}         0        435          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1984 {c |}{res}         0         46        389 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1986 {c |}{res}         0         58        377 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1988 {c |}{res}         0         48        387 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1990 {c |}{res}         0         46        389 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1992 {c |}{res}         0        435          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1994 {c |}{res}         0         67        368 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1996 {c |}{res}         0         78        357 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      1998 {c |}{res}         0         65        370 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2000 {c |}{res}         0         46        389 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2002 {c |}{res}         0        435          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2004 {c |}{res}         0         52        383 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2006 {c |}{res}         0         52        383 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2008 {c |}{res}         0         52        383 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2010 {c |}{res}         0         52        383 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2012 {c |}{res}         0        435          0 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2014 {c |}{res}         0         67        368 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2016 {c |}{res}         0         59        376 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2018 {c |}{res}         0        100        335 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}      2020 {c |}{res}         0         69        366 {txt}{c |}{res}       435 
{txt}{hline 11}{c +}{hline 33}{c +}{hline 10}
     Total {c |}{res}     8,136      4,689     10,539 {txt}{c |}{res}    23,364 
{txt}
{com}. keep if _merge == 3
{txt}(12,825 observations deleted)

{com}. drop _merge
{txt}
{com}. rename pres presvs
{res}{txt}
{com}. *recode presvs to be in the direction of the member
. replace presvs = presvs*-1 if dem == 1
{txt}(5,897 real changes made)

{com}. rename presvs presvoteshare
{res}{txt}
{com}. keep if eyear >= 1954
{txt}(0 observations deleted)

{com}. egen party_year = group(eyear dem)
{txt}
{com}. *Appendix Table 2
. lab var incvoteshare "Incumbent Vote Share"
{txt}
{com}. lab var extremism1 "Extremism (standard)"
{txt}
{com}. lab var extremism2 "Extremism (adjusted)"
{txt}
{com}. lab var express_ideal_pprob "Protest Voting"
{txt}
{com}. lab var presvoteshare "Presidential Vote Share"
{txt}
{com}. est clear
{res}{txt}
{com}. eststo: areg incvoteshare extremism1 presvoteshare, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:10,539}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:56}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:2}, {res:2478})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:805.23}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3629}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3595}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.1209}

{txt}{ralign 79:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,479} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 15}{c |}{col 27}    Robust
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 3}extremism1 {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}-.0754137{col 27}{space 2}  .004136{col 38}{space 1}  -18.23{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4}-.0835241{col 68}{space 3}-.0673033
{txt}presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .7754086{col 27}{space 2} .0197759{col 38}{space 1}   39.21{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7366296{col 68}{space 3} .8141875
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}  .696233{col 27}{space 2} .0042934{col 38}{space 1}  162.16{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6878139{col 68}{space 3} .7046521
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est1{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg incvoteshare extremism2 presvoteshare, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:10,539}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:56}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:2}, {res:2478})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:865.29}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3668}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3633}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.1205}

{txt}{ralign 79:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,479} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 15}{c |}{col 27}    Robust
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 3}extremism2 {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}-.0788817{col 27}{space 2} .0040445{col 38}{space 1}  -19.50{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4}-.0868126{col 68}{space 3}-.0709508
{txt}presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .7865871{col 27}{space 2}    .0195{col 38}{space 1}   40.34{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7483491{col 68}{space 3} .8248252
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6984311{col 27}{space 2} .0042468{col 38}{space 1}  164.46{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6901035{col 68}{space 3} .7067587
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est2{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg incvoteshare extremism1 extremism2 presvoteshare, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:10,539}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:56}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:3}, {res:2478})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:599.29}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3674}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3639}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.1205}

{txt}{ralign 79:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,479} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 15}{c |}{col 27}    Robust
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 3}extremism1 {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .0447961{col 27}{space 2} .0171121{col 38}{space 1}    2.62{col 47}{space 3}0.009{col 55}{space 4} .0112407{col 68}{space 3} .0783515
{txt}{space 3}extremism2 {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}-.1236853{col 27}{space 2} .0169592{col 38}{space 1}   -7.29{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4}-.1569409{col 68}{space 3}-.0904296
{txt}presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .7878514{col 27}{space 2} .0193938{col 38}{space 1}   40.62{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7498217{col 68}{space 3}  .825881
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6984759{col 27}{space 2} .0042317{col 38}{space 1}  165.06{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6901778{col 68}{space 3}  .706774
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est3{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg incvoteshare extremism1 extremism2 presvoteshare if majority == 1, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:6,086}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:28}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:3}, {res:1949})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:410.03}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3653}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3621}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.1262}

{txt}{ralign 79:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:1,950} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 15}{c |}{col 27}    Robust
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 3}extremism1 {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .0152547{col 27}{space 2} .0264217{col 38}{space 1}    0.58{col 47}{space 3}0.564{col 55}{space 4}-.0365631{col 68}{space 3} .0670725
{txt}{space 3}extremism2 {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} -.101388{col 27}{space 2} .0243177{col 38}{space 1}   -4.17{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4}-.1490795{col 68}{space 3}-.0536965
{txt}presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .8150148{col 27}{space 2} .0248699{col 38}{space 1}   32.77{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7662403{col 68}{space 3} .8637893
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}  .705296{col 27}{space 2} .0051352{col 38}{space 1}  137.35{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4}  .695225{col 68}{space 3}  .715367
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est4{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg incvoteshare extremism2 express_ideal_pprob presvoteshare, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:10,539}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:56}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:3}, {res:2478})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:585.41}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3670}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3635}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.1205}

{txt}{ralign 85:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,479} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 20}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 21}{c |}{col 33}    Robust
{col 1}       incvoteshare{col 21}{c |} Coefficient{col 33}  std. err.{col 45}      t{col 53}   P>|t|{col 61}     [95% con{col 74}f. interval]
{hline 20}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 9}extremism2 {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2}-.0793567{col 33}{space 2} .0039556{col 44}{space 1}  -20.06{col 53}{space 3}0.000{col 61}{space 4}-.0871133{col 74}{space 3}-.0716001
{txt}express_ideal_pprob {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2}  -.08494{col 33}{space 2} .0872478{col 44}{space 1}   -0.97{col 53}{space 3}0.330{col 61}{space 4}-.2560261{col 74}{space 3}  .086146
{txt}{space 6}presvoteshare {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2} .7873741{col 33}{space 2} .0194893{col 44}{space 1}   40.40{col 53}{space 3}0.000{col 61}{space 4}  .749157{col 74}{space 3} .8255911
{txt}{space 14}_cons {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2} .6993297{col 33}{space 2} .0041659{col 44}{space 1}  167.87{col 53}{space 3}0.000{col 61}{space 4} .6911607{col 74}{space 3} .7074987
{txt}{hline 20}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est5{txt} stored)

{com}. esttab using electoral.tex, replace b(3) se(3) nomtitle label star(* .05 ** .01) ar2
{res}{txt}{p 0 4 2}
(file {bf}
electoral.tex{rm}
not found)
{p_end}
(output written to {browse  `"electoral.tex"'})

{com}. *Appendix Table 3
. sum cong

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
{space 8}cong {c |}{res}     10,539    99.37916       10.05         83        116
{txt}
{com}. g time = (cong - r(min))/(r(max) - r(min))
{txt}
{com}. g extremism1_time = extremism1*time
{txt}
{com}. g extremism2_time = extremism2*time
{txt}
{com}. g pprob_time = express_ideal_pprob*time
{txt}
{com}. lab var incvoteshare "Incumbent Vote Share"
{txt}
{com}. lab var extremism1 "Extremism (standard)"
{txt}
{com}. lab var extremism2 "Extremism (adjusted)"
{txt}
{com}. lab var express_ideal_pprob "Protest Voting"
{txt}
{com}. lab var presvoteshare "Presidential Vote Share"
{txt}
{com}. lab var extremism1_time "Extremism (standard)*Time"
{txt}
{com}. lab var extremism2_time "Extremism (adjusted)*Time"
{txt}
{com}. lab var pprob_time "Protest Voting*Time"
{txt}
{com}. lab var time "Time"
{txt}
{com}. est clear
{res}{txt}
{com}. eststo: areg incvoteshare extremism1 extremism1_time presvoteshare, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:10,539}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:56}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:3}, {res:2478})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:692.05}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3754}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3719}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.1197}

{txt}{ralign 81:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,479} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 16}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 17}{c |}{col 29}    Robust
{col 1}   incvoteshare{col 17}{c |} Coefficient{col 29}  std. err.{col 41}      t{col 49}   P>|t|{col 57}     [95% con{col 70}f. interval]
{hline 16}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 5}extremism1 {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} -.115856{col 29}{space 2} .0061811{col 40}{space 1}  -18.74{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4}-.1279767{col 70}{space 3}-.1037353
{txt}extremism1_time {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .1245645{col 29}{space 2} .0135102{col 40}{space 1}    9.22{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4} .0980721{col 70}{space 3} .1510569
{txt}{space 2}presvoteshare {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .7220259{col 29}{space 2} .0215583{col 40}{space 1}   33.49{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4} .6797518{col 70}{space 3}    .7643
{txt}{space 10}_cons {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2}  .679361{col 29}{space 2} .0041246{col 40}{space 1}  164.71{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4}  .671273{col 70}{space 3} .6874489
{txt}{hline 16}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est1{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg incvoteshare extremism2 extremism2_time presvoteshare, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:10,539}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:56}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:3}, {res:2478})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:727.30}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3786}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3751}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.1194}

{txt}{ralign 81:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,479} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 16}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 17}{c |}{col 29}    Robust
{col 1}   incvoteshare{col 17}{c |} Coefficient{col 29}  std. err.{col 41}      t{col 49}   P>|t|{col 57}     [95% con{col 70}f. interval]
{hline 16}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 5}extremism2 {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} -.119028{col 29}{space 2} .0062153{col 40}{space 1}  -19.15{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4}-.1312158{col 70}{space 3}-.1068402
{txt}extremism2_time {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .1249333{col 29}{space 2} .0139308{col 40}{space 1}    8.97{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4}  .097616{col 70}{space 3} .1522505
{txt}{space 2}presvoteshare {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .7312231{col 29}{space 2} .0215824{col 40}{space 1}   33.88{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4} .6889017{col 70}{space 3} .7735445
{txt}{space 10}_cons {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .6813207{col 29}{space 2} .0041004{col 40}{space 1}  166.16{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4} .6732801{col 70}{space 3} .6893612
{txt}{hline 16}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est2{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg incvoteshare extremism1 extremism2 extremism1_time extremism2_time presvoteshare, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:10,539}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:56}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:5}, {res:2478})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:457.02}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3804}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3769}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.1193}

{txt}{ralign 81:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,479} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 16}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 17}{c |}{col 29}    Robust
{col 1}   incvoteshare{col 17}{c |} Coefficient{col 29}  std. err.{col 41}      t{col 49}   P>|t|{col 57}     [95% con{col 70}f. interval]
{hline 16}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 5}extremism1 {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .1881858{col 29}{space 2} .0402213{col 40}{space 1}    4.68{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4} .1093149{col 70}{space 3} .2670567
{txt}{space 5}extremism2 {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2}-.3089737{col 29}{space 2} .0409455{col 40}{space 1}   -7.55{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4}-.3892647{col 70}{space 3}-.2286827
{txt}extremism1_time {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2}-.2186279{col 29}{space 2}  .052278{col 40}{space 1}   -4.18{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4}-.3211411{col 70}{space 3}-.1161148
{txt}extremism2_time {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .3474112{col 29}{space 2} .0546862{col 40}{space 1}    6.35{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4} .2401758{col 70}{space 3} .4546467
{txt}{space 2}presvoteshare {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .7328573{col 29}{space 2} .0214826{col 40}{space 1}   34.11{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4} .6907315{col 70}{space 3}  .774983
{txt}{space 10}_cons {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .6813368{col 29}{space 2} .0040556{col 40}{space 1}  168.00{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4}  .673384{col 70}{space 3} .6892896
{txt}{hline 16}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est3{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg incvoteshare extremism1 extremism2 extremism1_time extremism2_time presvoteshare if majority == 1, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:6,086}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:28}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:5}, {res:1949})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:365.23}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3794}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3761}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.1248}

{txt}{ralign 81:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:1,950} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 16}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 17}{c |}{col 29}    Robust
{col 1}   incvoteshare{col 17}{c |} Coefficient{col 29}  std. err.{col 41}      t{col 49}   P>|t|{col 57}     [95% con{col 70}f. interval]
{hline 16}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 5}extremism1 {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .2116793{col 29}{space 2} .0569345{col 40}{space 1}    3.72{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4} .1000204{col 70}{space 3} .3233382
{txt}{space 5}extremism2 {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2}-.3341712{col 29}{space 2} .0553076{col 40}{space 1}   -6.04{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4}-.4426394{col 70}{space 3}-.2257029
{txt}extremism1_time {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} -.219038{col 29}{space 2} .0723567{col 40}{space 1}   -3.03{col 49}{space 3}0.003{col 57}{space 4}-.3609425{col 70}{space 3}-.0771334
{txt}extremism2_time {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .3470695{col 29}{space 2} .0711211{col 40}{space 1}    4.88{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4}  .207588{col 70}{space 3}  .486551
{txt}{space 2}presvoteshare {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .7649679{col 29}{space 2} .0272159{col 40}{space 1}   28.11{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4} .7115926{col 70}{space 3} .8183431
{txt}{space 10}_cons {c |}{col 17}{res}{space 2} .6866104{col 29}{space 2} .0049192{col 40}{space 1}  139.58{col 49}{space 3}0.000{col 57}{space 4}  .676963{col 70}{space 3} .6962578
{txt}{hline 16}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est4{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg incvoteshare extremism2 express_ideal_pprob extremism2_time pprob_time presvoteshare, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:10,539}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:56}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:5}, {res:2478})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:441.56}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3791}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.3755}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.1194}

{txt}{ralign 85:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:2,479} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 20}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 21}{c |}{col 33}    Robust
{col 1}       incvoteshare{col 21}{c |} Coefficient{col 33}  std. err.{col 45}      t{col 53}   P>|t|{col 61}     [95% con{col 74}f. interval]
{hline 20}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 9}extremism2 {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2}-.1203375{col 33}{space 2} .0061667{col 44}{space 1}  -19.51{col 53}{space 3}0.000{col 61}{space 4}  -.13243{col 74}{space 3}-.1082451
{txt}express_ideal_pprob {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2}-.1378485{col 33}{space 2} .1194579{col 44}{space 1}   -1.15{col 53}{space 3}0.249{col 61}{space 4}-.3720962{col 74}{space 3} .0963991
{txt}{space 4}extremism2_time {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2} .1266964{col 33}{space 2} .0139474{col 44}{space 1}    9.08{col 53}{space 3}0.000{col 61}{space 4} .0993467{col 74}{space 3} .1540462
{txt}{space 9}pprob_time {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2} .0241601{col 33}{space 2}  .252445{col 44}{space 1}    0.10{col 53}{space 3}0.924{col 61}{space 4}-.4708647{col 74}{space 3}  .519185
{txt}{space 6}presvoteshare {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2} .7316439{col 33}{space 2} .0215639{col 44}{space 1}   33.93{col 53}{space 3}0.000{col 61}{space 4} .6893588{col 74}{space 3} .7739291
{txt}{space 14}_cons {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2} .6824574{col 33}{space 2} .0040309{col 44}{space 1}  169.31{col 53}{space 3}0.000{col 61}{space 4} .6745532{col 74}{space 3} .6903616
{txt}{hline 20}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est5{txt} stored)

{com}. esttab using electoral_time.tex, replace b(3) se(3) nomtitle label star(* .05 ** .01) ar2
{res}{txt}{p 0 4 2}
(file {bf}
electoral_time.tex{rm}
not found)
{p_end}
(output written to {browse  `"electoral_time.tex"'})

{com}. *Appendix Table 4
. merge 1:1 icpsr eyear using "FEC_receipts.dta"
{res}
{txt}{col 5}Result{col 33}Number of obs
{col 5}{hline 41}
{col 5}Not matched{col 30}{res}           8,207
{txt}{col 9}from master{col 30}{res}           6,114{txt}  (_merge==1)
{col 9}from using{col 30}{res}           2,093{txt}  (_merge==2)

{col 5}Matched{col 30}{res}           4,425{txt}  (_merge==3)
{col 5}{hline 41}

{com}. keep if _merge == 3
{txt}(8,207 observations deleted)

{com}. drop _merge
{txt}
{com}. order member fecname
{txt}
{com}. replace ttl_receipts = ttl_receipts/1000
{txt}(4,424 real changes made)

{com}. g logreceipts = log(ttl_receipts + 1)
{txt}
{com}. egen party_cycle = group(eyear dem)
{txt}
{com}. sum party_cycle

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
{space 1}party_cycle {c |}{res}      4,425    17.64678    9.916593          1         34
{txt}
{com}. local npartycycles = r(max)
{txt}
{com}. g pincvote = .
{txt}(4,425 missing values generated)

{com}. forvalues i = 1/`npartycycles' {c -(}
{txt}  2{com}. reg incvoteshare presvoteshare if party_cycle == `i'
{txt}  3{com}. predict temp
{txt}  4{com}. replace pincvote = temp if party_cycle == `i'
{txt}  5{com}. drop temp
{txt}  6{com}. {c )-}

{txt}      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}        91
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 89)        = {res}     7.02
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .082540712         1  .082540712   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0095
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.04605647        89  .011753443   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.0731
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.0627
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.12859718        90  .012539969   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .10841

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .3970626{col 27}{space 2}  .149833{col 38}{space 1}    2.65{col 47}{space 3}0.010{col 55}{space 4} .0993477{col 68}{space 3} .6947776
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}  .684185{col 27}{space 2} .0139209{col 38}{space 1}   49.15{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6565244{col 68}{space 3} .7118456
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(91 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       171
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 169)       = {res}    87.16
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} 1.41887602         1  1.41887602   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 2.75111081       169  .016278762   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.3403
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.3364
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 4.16998683       170  .024529334   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .12759

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .7292935{col 27}{space 2} .0781161{col 38}{space 1}    9.34{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5750844{col 68}{space 3} .8835026
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6335092{col 27}{space 2} .0106486{col 38}{space 1}   59.49{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6124878{col 68}{space 3} .6545305
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(171 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}        98
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 96)        = {res}    39.02
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .304511471         1  .304511471   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} .749103697        96  .007803164   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.2890
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.2816
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.05361517        97  .010862012   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .08834

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}  .737282{col 27}{space 2} .1180231{col 38}{space 1}    6.25{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5030079{col 68}{space 3} .9715561
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6536796{col 27}{space 2} .0123551{col 38}{space 1}   52.91{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6291549{col 68}{space 3} .6782043
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(98 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       163
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 161)       = {res}    40.29
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .857961575         1  .857961575   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 3.42873331       161   .02129648   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.2001
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.1952
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 4.28669488       162   .02646108   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .14593

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5795652{col 27}{space 2} .0913108{col 38}{space 1}    6.35{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .3992438{col 68}{space 3} .7598866
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6701722{col 27}{space 2} .0123793{col 38}{space 1}   54.14{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6457256{col 68}{space 3} .6946189
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(163 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       108
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 106)       = {res}    12.17
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .194197777         1  .194197777   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0007
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.69075813       106  .015950548   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.1030
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.0946
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.88495591       107   .01761641   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res}  .1263

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6414758{col 27}{space 2} .1838425{col 38}{space 1}    3.49{col 47}{space 3}0.001{col 55}{space 4} .2769901{col 68}{space 3} 1.005961
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6415769{col 27}{space 2} .0171579{col 38}{space 1}   37.39{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6075596{col 68}{space 3} .6755942
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(108 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       145
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 143)       = {res}    21.92
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .417612428         1  .417612428   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 2.72497107       143  .019055742   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.1329
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.1268
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 3.14258349       144  .021823496   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .13804

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .4343538{col 27}{space 2} .0927833{col 38}{space 1}    4.68{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .2509498{col 68}{space 3} .6177579
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .7459476{col 27}{space 2} .0131085{col 38}{space 1}   56.91{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7200361{col 68}{space 3} .7718591
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(145 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       111
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 109)       = {res}    10.91
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .148713112         1  .148713112   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0013
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.48551067       109  .013628538   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.0910
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.0827
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.63422378       110   .01485658   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .11674

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5427382{col 27}{space 2} .1643011{col 38}{space 1}    3.30{col 47}{space 3}0.001{col 55}{space 4} .2170988{col 68}{space 3} .8683775
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6718459{col 27}{space 2} .0157439{col 38}{space 1}   42.67{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6406419{col 68}{space 3} .7030499
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(111 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       166
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 164)       = {res}    31.84
{txt}       Model {c |} {res}  .58863773         1   .58863773   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 3.03163385       164  .018485572   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.1626
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.1575
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 3.62027158       165   .02194104   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .13596

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}  .464922{col 27}{space 2} .0823896{col 38}{space 1}    5.64{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .3022409{col 68}{space 3} .6276032
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .7279751{col 27}{space 2} .0118846{col 38}{space 1}   61.25{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7045086{col 68}{space 3} .7514416
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(166 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       103
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 101)       = {res}     3.51
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .091338915         1  .091338915   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0638
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 2.62588533       101  .025998865   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.0336
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.0240
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 2.71722425       102  .026639453   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .16124

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .4647586{col 27}{space 2} .2479572{col 38}{space 1}    1.87{col 47}{space 3}0.064{col 55}{space 4}-.0271218{col 68}{space 3}  .956639
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6646371{col 27}{space 2} .0234363{col 38}{space 1}   28.36{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6181458{col 68}{space 3} .7111283
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(103 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       166
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 164)       = {res}    24.43
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .418239189         1  .418239189   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 2.80745699       164   .01711864   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.1297
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.1244
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 3.22569618       165  .019549674   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .13084

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}   .41392{col 27}{space 2} .0837411{col 38}{space 1}    4.94{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .2485703{col 68}{space 3} .5792697
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6765957{col 27}{space 2} .0114859{col 38}{space 1}   58.91{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6539165{col 68}{space 3}  .699275
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(166 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       102
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 100)       = {res}    46.70
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .583590526         1  .583590526   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.24968878       100  .012496888   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.3183
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.3115
{txt}       Total {c |} {res}  1.8332793       101   .01815128   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .11179

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} 1.052427{col 27}{space 2} .1540065{col 38}{space 1}    6.83{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7468829{col 68}{space 3} 1.357972
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6649886{col 27}{space 2} .0162248{col 38}{space 1}   40.99{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4}  .632799{col 68}{space 3} .6971781
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(102 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       161
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 159)       = {res}   161.94
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} 1.60161192         1  1.60161192   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.57252006       159  .009890063   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.5046
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.5015
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 3.17413198       160  .019838325   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .09945

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .8273261{col 27}{space 2} .0650126{col 38}{space 1}   12.73{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6989265{col 68}{space 3} .9557258
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5756628{col 27}{space 2} .0090154{col 38}{space 1}   63.85{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5578574{col 68}{space 3} .5934682
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(161 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       138
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 136)       = {res}    60.66
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .499912709         1  .499912709   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.12081825       136  .008241311   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.3084
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.3034
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.62073096       137  .011830153   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .09078

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .7475897{col 27}{space 2} .0959874{col 38}{space 1}    7.79{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5577687{col 68}{space 3} .9374107
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5829539{col 27}{space 2} .0094833{col 38}{space 1}   61.47{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5642001{col 68}{space 3} .6017077
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(138 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       116
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 114)       = {res}   169.44
{txt}       Model {c |} {res}  1.1465215         1   1.1465215   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} .771392628       114  .006766602   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.5978
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.5943
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.91791412       115  .016677514   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .08226

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .7316289{col 27}{space 2} .0562063{col 38}{space 1}   13.02{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6202847{col 68}{space 3} .8429732
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6261566{col 27}{space 2} .0096212{col 38}{space 1}   65.08{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6070971{col 68}{space 3}  .645216
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(116 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       127
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 125)       = {res}    42.44
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .737319107         1  .737319107   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 2.17147296       125  .017371784   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.2535
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.2475
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 2.90879207       126  .023085651   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res}  .1318

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} 1.006037{col 27}{space 2} .1544217{col 38}{space 1}    6.51{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7004173{col 68}{space 3} 1.311657
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6286473{col 27}{space 2}  .016227{col 38}{space 1}   38.74{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4}  .596532{col 68}{space 3} .6607625
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(127 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       119
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 117)       = {res}    30.75
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .611668386         1  .611668386   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 2.32764745       117  .019894423   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.2081
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.2013
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 2.93931583       118  .024909456   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .14105

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5615969{col 27}{space 2}  .101282{col 38}{space 1}    5.54{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .3610131{col 68}{space 3} .7621806
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6858344{col 27}{space 2} .0167896{col 38}{space 1}   40.85{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6525835{col 68}{space 3} .7190852
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(119 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       122
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 120)       = {res}    37.60
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .643747827         1  .643747827   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 2.05454378       120  .017121198   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.2386
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.2322
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 2.69829161       121  .022299931   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .13085

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .8731655{col 27}{space 2} .1423986{col 38}{space 1}    6.13{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5912261{col 68}{space 3} 1.155105
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6419272{col 27}{space 2}  .016364{col 38}{space 1}   39.23{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6095276{col 68}{space 3} .6743269
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(122 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       137
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 135)       = {res}    64.51
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} 1.01832942         1  1.01832942   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res}  2.1311523       135  .015786313   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.3233
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.3183
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 3.14948173       136  .023157954   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .12564

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6053759{col 27}{space 2}  .075374{col 38}{space 1}    8.03{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .4563094{col 68}{space 3} .7544424
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6857133{col 27}{space 2} .0140916{col 38}{space 1}   48.66{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6578445{col 68}{space 3} .7135821
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(137 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       117
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 115)       = {res}    39.34
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .679026965         1  .679026965   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.98476245       115  .017258804   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.2549
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.2484
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 2.66378942       116  .022963702   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .13137

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} 1.064321{col 27}{space 2} .1696815{col 38}{space 1}    6.27{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7282148{col 68}{space 3} 1.400428
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6220519{col 27}{space 2} .0176044{col 38}{space 1}   35.33{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5871809{col 68}{space 3} .6569228
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(117 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       125
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 123)       = {res}   106.62
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} 1.02213798         1  1.02213798   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.17913244       123  .009586443   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.4643
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.4600
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 2.20127042       124  .017752181   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .09791

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .7226497{col 27}{space 2} .0699845{col 38}{space 1}   10.33{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5841197{col 68}{space 3} .8611798
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}  .641743{col 27}{space 2} .0125301{col 38}{space 1}   51.22{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6169405{col 68}{space 3} .6665456
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(125 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       120
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 118)       = {res}    34.84
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .358535288         1  .358535288   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.21445169       118  .010291963   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.2279
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.2214
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.57298698       119  .013218378   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .10145

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .7753451{col 27}{space 2} .1313646{col 38}{space 1}    5.90{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5152075{col 68}{space 3} 1.035483
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5506562{col 27}{space 2} .0137851{col 38}{space 1}   39.95{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4}  .523358{col 68}{space 3} .5779544
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(120 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       112
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 110)       = {res}    47.08
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .672472103         1  .672472103   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.57103717       110  .014282156   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.2997
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.2934
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 2.24350927       111  .020211795   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .11951

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6315174{col 27}{space 2} .0920333{col 38}{space 1}    6.86{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .4491289{col 68}{space 3} .8139058
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6908921{col 27}{space 2}  .016679{col 38}{space 1}   41.42{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6578383{col 68}{space 3} .7239459
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(112 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       104
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 102)       = {res}    93.84
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .667562998         1  .667562998   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} .725580259       102  .007113532   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.4792
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.4741
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.39314326       103  .013525663   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .08434

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .9563607{col 27}{space 2}  .098723{col 38}{space 1}    9.69{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7605442{col 68}{space 3} 1.152177
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}  .536307{col 27}{space 2} .0124836{col 38}{space 1}   42.96{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5115458{col 68}{space 3} .5610681
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(104 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       147
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 145)       = {res}    66.35
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .995793553         1  .995793553   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res}  2.1762707       145  .015008763   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.3139
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.3092
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 3.17206425       146  .021726467   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .12251

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6209716{col 27}{space 2} .0762359{col 38}{space 1}    8.15{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .4702944{col 68}{space 3} .7716487
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6821932{col 27}{space 2} .0126041{col 38}{space 1}   54.12{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6572816{col 68}{space 3} .7071048
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(147 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}        92
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 90)        = {res}    56.42
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .542292937         1  .542292937   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} .865101027        90  .009612234   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.3853
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.3785
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.40739396        91  .015465868   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .09804

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .9544462{col 27}{space 2} .1270711{col 38}{space 1}    7.51{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7019974{col 68}{space 3} 1.206895
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6275795{col 27}{space 2} .0154777{col 38}{space 1}   40.55{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5968304{col 68}{space 3} .6583287
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(92 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       173
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 171)       = {res}   886.99
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} 2.60549063         1  2.60549063   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} .502303382       171  .002937447   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.8384
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.8374
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 3.10779401       172   .01806857   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res}  .0542

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}  .929362{col 27}{space 2} .0312051{col 38}{space 1}   29.78{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .8677652{col 68}{space 3} .9909587
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5217543{col 27}{space 2} .0050869{col 38}{space 1}  102.57{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5117131{col 68}{space 3} .5317954
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(173 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       136
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 134)       = {res}    25.83
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .286236791         1  .286236791   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.48473589       134  .011080119   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.1616
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.1554
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.77097268       135  .013118316   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .10526

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6737318{col 27}{space 2} .1325551{col 38}{space 1}    5.08{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .4115609{col 68}{space 3} .9359028
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6163928{col 27}{space 2} .0170876{col 38}{space 1}   36.07{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5825965{col 68}{space 3} .6501891
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(136 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       121
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 119)       = {res}   149.97
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} 2.06011024         1  2.06011024   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.63463373       119  .013736418   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.5576
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.5539
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 3.69474397       120  .030789533   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res}  .1172

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} 1.092313{col 27}{space 2} .0891946{col 38}{space 1}   12.25{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4}  .915699{col 68}{space 3} 1.268928
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5313845{col 27}{space 2} .0170475{col 38}{space 1}   31.17{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .4976288{col 68}{space 3} .5651402
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(121 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       162
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 160)       = {res}    76.56
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .891710006         1  .891710006   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res}  1.8636221       160  .011647638   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.3236
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.3194
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 2.75533211       161  .017113864   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .10792

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .8661124{col 27}{space 2} .0989877{col 38}{space 1}    8.75{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6706214{col 68}{space 3} 1.061603
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5728243{col 27}{space 2} .0140368{col 38}{space 1}   40.81{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5451031{col 68}{space 3} .6005455
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(162 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       117
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 115)       = {res}    68.27
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .956465336         1  .956465336   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} 1.61113393       115   .01400986   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.3725
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.3671
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 2.56759926       116  .022134476   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .11836

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .7610666{col 27}{space 2} .0921096{col 38}{space 1}    8.26{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5786152{col 68}{space 3}  .943518
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .6005929{col 27}{space 2} .0195345{col 38}{space 1}   30.75{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5618987{col 68}{space 3} .6392871
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(117 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       139
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 137)       = {res}   128.82
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .687077041         1  .687077041   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} .730701132       137  .005333585   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.4846
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.4809
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.41777817       138  .010273755   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .07303

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .8450847{col 27}{space 2} .0744573{col 38}{space 1}   11.35{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .6978506{col 68}{space 3} .9923188
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .4917523{col 27}{space 2} .0110755{col 38}{space 1}   44.40{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .4698512{col 68}{space 3} .5136533
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(139 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       118
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 116)       = {res}   156.60
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} 1.29492348         1  1.29492348   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} .959227561       116  .008269203   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.5745
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.5708
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 2.25415104       117  .019266248   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .09094

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .8901791{col 27}{space 2} .0711356{col 38}{space 1}   12.51{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4}  .749286{col 68}{space 3} 1.031072
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5822177{col 27}{space 2}  .015062{col 38}{space 1}   38.65{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5523854{col 68}{space 3} .6120499
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(118 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       125
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 123)       = {res}    84.96
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} .661324245         1  .661324245   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} .957427995       123  .007783967   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.4085
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.4037
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 1.61875224       124  .013054454   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .08823

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .9902685{col 27}{space 2} .1074351{col 38}{space 1}    9.22{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .7776073{col 68}{space 3}  1.20293
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5294581{col 27}{space 2}   .01668{col 38}{space 1}   31.74{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4}  .496441{col 68}{space 3} .5624751
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(125 real changes made)

      Source {c |}       SS           df       MS      Number of obs   ={res}       173
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   F(1, 171)       = {res}   337.50
{txt}       Model {c |} {res} 1.96536072         1  1.96536072   {txt}Prob > F        ={res}    0.0000
{txt}    Residual {c |} {res} .995788866       171  .005823327   {txt}R-squared       ={res}    0.6637
{txt}{hline 13}{c +}{hline 34}   Adj R-squared   ={res}    0.6617
{txt}       Total {c |} {res} 2.96114959       172  .017215986   {txt}Root MSE        =   {res} .07631

{txt}{hline 14}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 1} incvoteshare{col 15}{c |} Coefficient{col 27}  Std. err.{col 39}      t{col 47}   P>|t|{col 55}     [95% con{col 68}f. interval]
{hline 14}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
presvoteshare {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2}  .929221{col 27}{space 2} .0505805{col 38}{space 1}   18.37{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .8293783{col 68}{space 3} 1.029064
{txt}{space 8}_cons {c |}{col 15}{res}{space 2} .5429807{col 27}{space 2} .0084015{col 38}{space 1}   64.63{col 47}{space 3}0.000{col 55}{space 4} .5263966{col 68}{space 3} .5595647
{txt}{hline 14}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{res}{txt}(option {bf:xb} assumed; fitted values)
(173 real changes made)

{com}. g pcompetitiveness = 1 - abs(pincvote - .5)*2
{txt}
{com}. lab var incvoteshare "Incumbent Vote Share"
{txt}
{com}. lab var extremism1 "Extremism (standard)"
{txt}
{com}. lab var extremism2 "Extremism (adjusted)"
{txt}
{com}. lab var express_ideal_pprob "Protest Voting"
{txt}
{com}. lab var presvoteshare "Presidential Vote Share"
{txt}
{com}. lab var pcompetitiveness "Predicted Competitiveness"
{txt}
{com}. est clear
{res}{txt}
{com}. eststo: areg logreceipts extremism1 pcompetitiveness, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:4,425}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:34}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:2}, {res:1511})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:66.27}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6201}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6171}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6066}

{txt}{ralign 82:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:1,512} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 17}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 18}{c |}{col 30}    Robust
{col 1}     logreceipts{col 18}{c |} Coefficient{col 30}  std. err.{col 42}      t{col 50}   P>|t|{col 58}     [95% con{col 71}f. interval]
{hline 17}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 6}extremism1 {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} .1001789{col 30}{space 2} .0425609{col 41}{space 1}    2.35{col 50}{space 3}0.019{col 58}{space 4} .0166943{col 71}{space 3} .1836636
{txt}pcompetitiveness {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} 1.645093{col 30}{space 2} .1510611{col 41}{space 1}   10.89{col 50}{space 3}0.000{col 58}{space 4} 1.348781{col 71}{space 3} 1.941404
{txt}{space 11}_cons {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} 5.474287{col 30}{space 2} .1217825{col 41}{space 1}   44.95{col 50}{space 3}0.000{col 58}{space 4} 5.235407{col 71}{space 3} 5.713168
{txt}{hline 17}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est1{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg logreceipts extremism2 pcompetitiveness, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:4,425}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:34}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:2}, {res:1511})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:65.58}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6198}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6167}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6069}

{txt}{ralign 82:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:1,512} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 17}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 18}{c |}{col 30}    Robust
{col 1}     logreceipts{col 18}{c |} Coefficient{col 30}  std. err.{col 42}      t{col 50}   P>|t|{col 58}     [95% con{col 71}f. interval]
{hline 17}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 6}extremism2 {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} .0880763{col 30}{space 2}  .042009{col 41}{space 1}    2.10{col 50}{space 3}0.036{col 58}{space 4} .0056743{col 71}{space 3} .1704784
{txt}pcompetitiveness {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} 1.627402{col 30}{space 2} .1521322{col 41}{space 1}   10.70{col 50}{space 3}0.000{col 58}{space 4} 1.328989{col 71}{space 3} 1.925815
{txt}{space 11}_cons {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} 5.495893{col 30}{space 2} .1223223{col 41}{space 1}   44.93{col 50}{space 3}0.000{col 58}{space 4} 5.255954{col 71}{space 3} 5.735833
{txt}{hline 17}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est2{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg logreceipts extremism1 extremism2 pcompetitiveness, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:4,425}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:34}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:3}, {res:1511})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:45.19}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6204}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6172}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6065}

{txt}{ralign 82:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:1,512} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 17}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 18}{c |}{col 30}    Robust
{col 1}     logreceipts{col 18}{c |} Coefficient{col 30}  std. err.{col 42}      t{col 50}   P>|t|{col 58}     [95% con{col 71}f. interval]
{hline 17}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 6}extremism1 {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} .2499229{col 30}{space 2} .1672661{col 41}{space 1}    1.49{col 50}{space 3}0.135{col 58}{space 4}-.0781754{col 71}{space 3} .5780212
{txt}{space 6}extremism2 {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2}-.1569245{col 30}{space 2} .1650906{col 41}{space 1}   -0.95{col 50}{space 3}0.342{col 58}{space 4}-.4807555{col 71}{space 3} .1669065
{txt}pcompetitiveness {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} 1.631449{col 30}{space 2} .1519256{col 41}{space 1}   10.74{col 50}{space 3}0.000{col 58}{space 4} 1.333442{col 71}{space 3} 1.929457
{txt}{space 11}_cons {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} 5.489017{col 30}{space 2} .1224005{col 41}{space 1}   44.84{col 50}{space 3}0.000{col 58}{space 4} 5.248924{col 71}{space 3} 5.729109
{txt}{hline 17}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est3{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg logreceipts extremism1 extremism2 pcompetitiveness if majority == 1, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:2,526}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:17}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:3}, {res:1177})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:47.78}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6382}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6355}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6318}

{txt}{ralign 82:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:1,178} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 17}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 18}{c |}{col 30}    Robust
{col 1}     logreceipts{col 18}{c |} Coefficient{col 30}  std. err.{col 42}      t{col 50}   P>|t|{col 58}     [95% con{col 71}f. interval]
{hline 17}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 6}extremism1 {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} .4511313{col 30}{space 2} .2885763{col 41}{space 1}    1.56{col 50}{space 3}0.118{col 58}{space 4}  -.11505{col 71}{space 3} 1.017313
{txt}{space 6}extremism2 {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2}-.2861016{col 30}{space 2} .2577018{col 41}{space 1}   -1.11{col 50}{space 3}0.267{col 58}{space 4}-.7917078{col 71}{space 3} .2195046
{txt}pcompetitiveness {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} 1.778162{col 30}{space 2} .1596015{col 41}{space 1}   11.14{col 50}{space 3}0.000{col 58}{space 4} 1.465026{col 71}{space 3} 2.091297
{txt}{space 11}_cons {c |}{col 18}{res}{space 2} 5.307535{col 30}{space 2} .1341846{col 41}{space 1}   39.55{col 50}{space 3}0.000{col 58}{space 4} 5.044267{col 71}{space 3} 5.570803
{txt}{hline 17}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est4{txt} stored)

{com}. eststo: areg logreceipts extremism2 express_ideal_pprob pcompetitiveness, a(party_year) cluster(icpsr)
{res}
{txt}{col 1}Linear regression, absorbing indicators{col 53}{lalign 17:Number of obs}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:4,425}
{txt}{col 1}Absorbed variable: {res:party_year}{col 53}{lalign 17:No. of categories}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:34}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:F({res:3}, {res:1511})}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:45.98}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Prob > F}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.0000}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6243}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Adj R-squared}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6212}
{txt}{col 53}{lalign 17:Root MSE}{col 70} = {res}{ralign 6:0.6034}

{txt}{ralign 85:(Std. err. adjusted for {res:1,512} clusters in {res:icpsr})}
{hline 20}{c TT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{col 21}{c |}{col 33}    Robust
{col 1}        logreceipts{col 21}{c |} Coefficient{col 33}  std. err.{col 45}      t{col 53}   P>|t|{col 61}     [95% con{col 74}f. interval]
{hline 20}{c +}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
{space 9}extremism2 {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2}  .076888{col 33}{space 2}  .040644{col 44}{space 1}    1.89{col 53}{space 3}0.059{col 61}{space 4}-.0028366{col 74}{space 3} .1566127
{txt}express_ideal_pprob {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2}-2.599702{col 33}{space 2} 1.173154{col 44}{space 1}   -2.22{col 53}{space 3}0.027{col 61}{space 4}-4.900885{col 74}{space 3}-.2985195
{txt}{space 3}pcompetitiveness {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2} 1.609163{col 33}{space 2} .1508503{col 44}{space 1}   10.67{col 53}{space 3}0.000{col 61}{space 4} 1.313265{col 74}{space 3} 1.905061
{txt}{space 14}_cons {c |}{col 21}{res}{space 2} 5.531655{col 33}{space 2} .1204739{col 44}{space 1}   45.92{col 53}{space 3}0.000{col 61}{space 4} 5.295341{col 74}{space 3} 5.767969
{txt}{hline 20}{c BT}{hline 11}{hline 11}{hline 9}{hline 8}{hline 13}{hline 12}
({res}est5{txt} stored)

{com}. esttab using fundraising.tex, replace b(3) se(3) nomtitle label star(* .05 ** .01) ar2
{res}{txt}{p 0 4 2}
(file {bf}
fundraising.tex{rm}
not found)
{p_end}
(output written to {browse  `"fundraising.tex"'})

{com}. 
. 
. ***Appendix Figure 9***
. clear
{txt}
{com}. postutil clear
{txt}
{com}. use "cleaneddata.dta"
{txt}
{com}. keep if cong >= 97
{txt}(18,887 observations deleted)

{com}. postfile CF cong expressive nonexpressive using "CF.dta", replace
{txt}
{com}. forvalues i = 97/117 {c -(}
{txt}  2{com}. corr expressive_wnominate_idp cfscore if majority == 1 & cong == `i'
{txt}  3{com}. scalar expressive = r(rho)
{txt}  4{com}. corr wnominate_idp cfscore if majority == 1 & cong == `i'
{txt}  5{com}. scalar nonexpressive = r(rho)
{txt}  6{com}. post CF (`i') (expressive) (nonexpressive)
{txt}  7{com}. {c )-}
{txt}(obs=234)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.7295   1.0000

{txt}(obs=234)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.7267   1.0000

{txt}(obs=260)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6335   1.0000

{txt}(obs=260)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6457   1.0000

{txt}(obs=246)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6387   1.0000

{txt}(obs=246)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6252   1.0000

{txt}(obs=252)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6337   1.0000

{txt}(obs=252)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6204   1.0000

{txt}(obs=255)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6366   1.0000

{txt}(obs=255)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6237   1.0000

{txt}(obs=260)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6217   1.0000

{txt}(obs=260)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5811   1.0000

{txt}(obs=256)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5475   1.0000

{txt}(obs=256)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5310   1.0000

{txt}(obs=229)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6015   1.0000

{txt}(obs=229)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5759   1.0000

{txt}(obs=223)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6589   1.0000

{txt}(obs=223)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6530   1.0000

{txt}(obs=217)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6751   1.0000

{txt}(obs=217)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6758   1.0000

{txt}(obs=220)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6209   1.0000

{txt}(obs=220)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6179   1.0000

{txt}(obs=225)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6175   1.0000

{txt}(obs=225)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6170   1.0000

{txt}(obs=230)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6084   1.0000

{txt}(obs=230)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6176   1.0000

{txt}(obs=243)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.3755   1.0000

{txt}(obs=243)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.3653   1.0000

{txt}(obs=264)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.3020   1.0000

{txt}(obs=264)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.2993   1.0000

{txt}(obs=239)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5833   1.0000

{txt}(obs=239)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.5835   1.0000

{txt}(obs=233)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6556   1.0000

{txt}(obs=233)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6527   1.0000

{txt}(obs=244)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6459   1.0000

{txt}(obs=244)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6418   1.0000

{txt}(obs=241)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6445   1.0000

{txt}(obs=241)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.6533   1.0000

{txt}(obs=238)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.0636   1.0000

{txt}(obs=238)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.0568   1.0000

{txt}(obs=227)

             {c |} ex~e_idp  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
expres~e_idp {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.1550   1.0000

{txt}(obs=227)

             {c |} wnomin~p  cfscore
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 18}
wnominate_~p {c |}{res}   1.0000
     {txt}cfscore {c |}{res}   0.1418   1.0000

{txt}
{com}. postclose CF
{txt}
{com}. clear
{txt}
{com}. use "CF.dta"
{txt}
{com}. g greater = expressive > nonexpressive
{txt}
{com}. tab greater

    {txt}greater {c |}      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
{hline 12}{c +}{hline 35}
          0 {c |}{res}          5       23.81       23.81
{txt}          1 {c |}{res}         16       76.19      100.00
{txt}{hline 12}{c +}{hline 35}
      Total {c |}{res}         21      100.00
{txt}
{com}. sum

{txt}    Variable {c |}        Obs        Mean    Std. dev.       Min        Max
{hline 13}{c +}{hline 57}
{space 8}cong {c |}{res}         21         107    6.204837         97        117
{txt}{space 2}expressive {c |}{res}         21    .5547039    .1766856   .0635719   .7295268
{txt}nonexpress~e {c |}{res}         21    .5478756    .1783275   .0567643   .7266743
{txt}{space 5}greater {c |}{res}         21    .7619048    .4364358          0          1
{txt}
{com}. graph twoway line expressive nonexpressive cong
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .legend.draw_view.setstyle, style(no)
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Congress
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.reset_rule 97 117 5, tickset(major) ruletype(range) 
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.title.text.Arrpush Correlation between NOMINATE and CF Scores
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .yaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .xaxis1.style.editstyle majorstyle(gridstyle(linestyle(color(white)))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_ysize(4) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle declared_xsize(5.5) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .style.editstyle margin(vsmall) boxstyle(shadestyle(color(white)) linestyle(color(white))) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot1.style.editstyle line(color(black) width(thick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.plot2.style.editstyle line(color(gs8) width(thick)) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor .58 99
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 1
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle color(gs8) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].text.Arrpush Standard
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[1].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.AddTextBox added_text editor .67 100.5
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_new = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text_rec = 2
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle  angle(default) size( sztype(relative) val(3.4722) allow_pct(1)) color(black) horizontal(left) vertical(middle) margin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) linegap( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) drawbox(no) boxmargin( gleft( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gright( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gtop( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1)) gbottom( sztype(relative) val(0) allow_pct(1))) fillcolor(bluishgray) linestyle( width( sztype(relative) val(.2) allow_pct(1)) color(black) pattern(solid) align(inside)) box_alignment(east) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].style.editstyle size(small) editcopy
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text = {c -(}{c )-}
{res}{txt}
{com}. gr_edit .plotregion1.added_text[2].text.Arrpush Adjusted
{res}{txt}
{com}. graph export "CF_nom.png", replace as(png)
{txt}{p 0 4 2}
(file {bf}
CF_nom.png{rm}
not found)
{p_end}
{p 0 4 2}
file {bf}
CF_nom.png{rm}
saved as
PNG
format
{p_end}

{com}. 
. log close
      {txt}name:  {res}<unnamed>
       {txt}log:  {res}C:\Users\agfowler\Dropbox\Insincere Voting Congress\Fowler Lewis Replication Data\protestvotinglog.smcl
  {txt}log type:  {res}smcl
 {txt}closed on:  {res} 2 Dec 2025, 12:00:09
{txt}{.-}
{smcl}
{txt}{sf}{ul off}